A model for the formation of stellar associations and clusters from giant molecular clouds

A model for the formation of stellar associations and clusters from giant molecular clouds
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巨型分子云形成恒星协会和星团的模型

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stab1894
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grudić, Michael Y;Kruijssen, J M;Faucher-Giguére, Claude-André;Hopkins, Philip F;Ma, Xiangcheng;Quataert, Eliot;Boylan-Kolchin, Michael

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我们提出了一整套具有恒星反馈的湍流、恒星形成巨分子云 (GMC) 的磁流体动力学模拟,通过模拟云质量和大小参数空间中每个点的 10 个不同的随机实现来扩展之前的工作。研究发现,一旦云由于恒星反馈而消散,自引力星团和未束缚的恒星通常都会保留下来,它们源于相同的底层恒星密度连续体,即分层星团形成场景。在引力束缚的星团内诞生的恒星比例与恒星反馈设定的总体云恒星形成效率有关,但由于恒星形成气流的小尺度细节的随机变化而具有显着的分散性。我们使用我们的数值结果来校准一个模型,用于将自引力 GMC 的体积特性(质量、尺寸和金属丰度)映射到它们形成的星团群上,并以云层分布的形式进行统计表示。通过从 M83 中观测到的 GMC 目录合成星团目录,我们发现该模型仅使用标准 IMF 和恒星演化模型作为反馈输入来预测与观测结果非常一致的初始星团质量和大小。在我们的模型中,引力强度与恒星反馈的比率是决定星团质量的关键参数,而在各种反馈通道中,直接恒星辐射(光子动量和光电离)是 GMC 尺度上最重要的参数。
We present a large suite of magnetohydrodynamic simulations of turbulent, star-forming giant molecular clouds (GMCs) with stellar feedback, extending previous work by simulating 10 different random realizations for each point in the parameter space of cloud mass and size. It is found that once the clouds disperse due to stellar feedback, both self-gravitating star clusters and unbound stars generally remain, which arise from the same underlying continuum of substructured stellar density, i.e. the hierarchical cluster formation scenario. The fraction of stars that are born within gravitationally bound star clusters is related to the overall cloud star formation efficiency set by stellar feedback, but has significant scatter due to stochastic variations in the small-scale details of the star-forming gas flow. We use our numerical results to calibrate a model for mapping the bulk properties (mass, size, and metallicity) of self-gravitating GMCs on to the star cluster populations they form, expressed statistically in terms of cloud-level distributions. Synthesizing cluster catalogues from an observed GMC catalogue in M83, we find that this model predicts initial star cluster masses and sizes that are in good agreement with observations, using only standard IMF and stellar evolution models as inputs for feedback. Within our model, the ratio of the strength of gravity to stellar feedback is the key parameter setting the masses of star clusters, and of the various feedback channels direct stellar radiation (photon momentum and photoionization) is the most important on GMC scales.
STARFORGE:建立星团形成和反馈的综合数值模型
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab1347
发表时间: 2021
影响因子: 4.8
作者:
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发表时间: 2020
影响因子: 4.8
作者:
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2015
期刊:
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