Examining the Triple Code Model in numerical cognition: An fMRI study
Examining the Triple Code Model in numerical cognition: An fMRI study
复制标题
检查数字认知中的三重代码模型：功能磁共振成像研究
作者：
Mikael Skagenholt;Ulf Träff;D. Västfjäll;Kenny Skagerlund
数字认知的三重编码模型（TCM）认为存在三种数字表征编码：阿拉伯数字、口头数字单词和模拟非符号量级表征，每一种编码都由功能分离的神经基质提供服务。尽管中医很受欢迎，但迄今为止还没有研究在一个功能磁共振成像范式中探索所有三个数字代码。我们执行了三个任务，每个任务都与上述数字代码相关，以探索成人样本（N = 46）中数字处理的神经相关性。独立的任务控制对比分析揭示了部分支持该模型的任务依赖活动，但也强调了所有数字代码中涉及的分布式和重叠额顶叶网络的固有复杂性。结果表明，中医正确地预测了一些功能分离的神经基质的存在，但需要更新，以解释与注意过程的相互作用。任务难度差异对应的参数对比揭示了距离效应的特定神经关联，其中间隔较近的数字比间隔较远的数字更难区分。一项关联分析表明，所有任务中都存在重叠的神经关联，这与最近关于数字处理的额顶叶网络的建议一致。我们还提供了初步的结果，表明格式无关的数字敏感的视网膜定位图参与早期视觉流，扩展了之前的非符号刺激选择性的发现。我们讨论了与模型相关的组件的功能角色，以及所谓的额顶叶网络，并提供了赞成修改中医的论据。
The Triple Code Model (TCM) of numerical cognition argues for the existence of three representational codes for number: Arabic digits, verbal number words, and analog nonsymbolic magnitude representations, each subserved by functionally dissociated neural substrates. Despite the popularity of the TCM, no study to date has explored all three numerical codes within one fMRI paradigm. We administered three tasks, associated with each of the aforementioned numerical codes, in order to explore the neural correlates of numerosity processing in a sample of adults (N = 46). Independent task–control contrast analyses revealed task-dependent activity in partial support of the model, but also highlight the inherent complexity of a distributed and overlapping fronto-parietal network involved in all numerical codes. The results indicate that the TCM correctly predicts the existence of some functionally dissociated neural substrates, but requires an update that accounts for interactions with attentional processes. Parametric contrasts corresponding to differences in task difficulty revealed specific neural correlates of the distance effect, where closely spaced numbers become more difficult to discriminate than numbers spaced further apart. A conjunction analysis illustrated overlapping neural correlates across all tasks, in line with recent proposals for a fronto-parietal network of number processing. We additionally provide tentative results suggesting the involvement of format-independent numerosity-sensitive retinotopic maps in the early visual stream, extending previous findings of nonsymbolic stimulus selectivity. We discuss the functional roles of the components associated with the model, as well as the purported fronto-parietal network, and offer arguments in favor of revising the TCM.
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