Small RNAs and their roles in plant development.
Small RNAs and their roles in plant development.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.113417
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Chen X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen X
20-30个核苷酸的小RNA在广泛的真核生物中在DNA或RNA水平指导调控过程。许多（尽管不是全部）小RNA通过RNase III酶从具有局部发夹结构的双链RNA或单链RNA加工，并加载到含有argonaute蛋白的效应复合物中。许多真核生物已经进化出RNase III和argonaute蛋白家族的多个成员，以适应具有特定分子功能的不同类型的小RNA。一些小RNA通过在同源位点引导异染色质形成而引起转录基因沉默，而另一些小RNA通过mRNA降解或翻译抑制而导致转录后基因沉默。小RNA不仅由外源核酸（如病毒和转基因）制成并靶向外源核酸，而且还来源于内源基因座并调节多种发育和生理过程。在这里，我回顾了植物中的三个主要类别的内源性小RNA的生物起源和功能：microRNA，transacting siRNA和异染色质siRNA，强调这些小RNA在发育调控中的作用。
Small RNAs of 20–30 nucleotides guide regulatory processes at the DNA or RNA level in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms. Many, although not all, small RNAs are processed from double-stranded RNAs or single-stranded RNAs with local hairpin structures by RNase III enzymes and are loaded into argonaute-protein-containing effector complexes. Many eukaryotic organisms have evolved multiple members of RNase III and the argonaute family of proteins to accommodate different classes of small RNAs with specialized molecular functions. Some small RNAs cause transcriptional gene silencing by guiding heterochromatin formation at homologous loci, whereas others lead to posttranscriptional gene silencing through mRNA degradation or translational inhibition. Small RNAs are not only made from and target foreign nucleic acids such as viruses and transgenes, but are also derived from endogenous loci and regulate a multitude of developmental and physiological processes. Here I review the biogenesis and function of three major classes of endogenous small RNAs in plants: microRNAs, transacting siRNAs, and heterochromatic siRNAs, with an emphasis on the roles of these small RNAs in developmental regulation.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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