Emotional distress and pain catastrophizing predict cue-elicited opioid craving among chronic pain patients on long-term opioid therapy.

Emotional distress and pain catastrophizing predict cue-elicited opioid craving among chronic pain patients on long-term opioid therapy.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109361
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发表时间:
2022-04-01
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Garland, Eric L.
Garland, Eric L.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parisi, Anna;Landicho, Hannah Louise;Hudak, Justin;Leknes, Siri;Froeliger, Brett;Garland, Eric L.

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Individuals who use illicit substances exhibit cue-elicited craving and autonomic cue-reactivity when exposed to cues associated with past drug use. However, little is known about this phenomenon among chronic pain patients on long-term opioid therapy (LTOT). Negative cognitive-emotional reactivity in general (e.g., distress) and cognitive-emotional reactivity specific to pain (e.g., pain catastrophizing) might drive cue-reactivity independent of pain severity. Here we examined emotional distress and pain catastrophizing as predictors of cue-reactivity among a sample of chronic pain patients receiving LTOT. We also tested whether associations between distress, catastrophizing, and cue-reactivity differed as a function of opioid misuse status. Patients receiving LTOT (N=243) were classified as exhibiting aberrant behavior consistent with opioid misuse (MISUSE+, n=145) or as using opioids as prescribed (MISUSE−, n=97). Participants completed assessments of pain catastrophizing and emotional distress and then participated in an opioid cue-reactivity task one week later. Cue-elicited opioid craving and autonomic cue-reactivity were measured with craving ratings and high-frequency heart rate variability (HRV), respectively. Distress and catastrophizing predicted cue-elicited craving and HRV, whereas pain severity did not. Misuser status moderated the relationship between emotional distress and self-reported craving, such that higher levels of distress predicted craving among the MISUSE+ group, but not among the MISUSE− group. No moderating effects were found for catastrophizing. Findings suggest that although opioids are prescribed for analgesia, the exacerbating influence of negative cognitive-emotional reactivity, both in general and specific to pain, on cue-elicited opioid craving extends beyond the effects of pain severity alone.
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