Experimentally induced innovations lead to persistent culture via conformity in wild birds.
Experimentally induced innovations lead to persistent culture via conformity in wild birds.
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DOI：
10.1038/nature13998
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发表时间：
2015-02-26
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Sheldon, Ben C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aplin, Lucy M.;Farine, Damien R.;Morand-Ferron, Julie;Cockburn, Andrew;Thornton, Alex;Sheldon, Ben C.
在人类社会中，当行为通过社交网络以高保真的社会学习传播时，文化规范就产生了。然而，实验研究的缺乏意味着对社会传播行为可能在动物种群中传播和持续的过程没有可比的理解。在这里，我们引入替代新的觅食技术复制野生亚种群的大山雀（山雀），并采用自动跟踪映射的扩散，建立和长期持久的种子行为。我们进一步使用社会网络分析来研究影响扩散动态的社会因素。每个子种群中只有两只受过训练的鸟，信息通过社交网络关系迅速传播，平均达到75%的个体，508个知识渊博的个体执行58，975个解决方案。亚种群严重偏向于最初引入的技术，导致建立了两代人稳定的当地任意传统，尽管人口流动率很高。最后，我们展示了社会整合的强烈影响，个人不成比例地采用最常见的本地变量时，第一次学习，但也继续有利于社会个人信息匹配他们的技术，以多数变量。文化整合被认为是人类复杂文化进化的关键因素。在提供第一个实验证明符合野生非灵长类动物，在任何野生动物的觅食技术的文化规范，我们的研究结果表明，这种明显复杂的文化行为的更广泛的进化发生。
In human societies, cultural norms arise when behaviours are transmitted with high-fidelity social learning through social networks. However a paucity of experimental studies has meant that there is no comparable understanding of the process by which socially transmitted behaviours may spread and persist in animal populations. Here, we introduce alternative novel foraging techniques into replicated wild sub-populations of great tits (Parus major), and employ automated tracking to map the diffusion, establishment and long-term persistence of seeded behaviours. We further use social network analysis to examine social factors influencing diffusion dynamics. From just two trained birds in each sub-population, information spread rapidly through social network ties to reach an average of 75% of individuals, with 508 knowledgeable individuals performing 58,975 solutions. Sub-populations were heavily biased towards the technique originally introduced, resulting in established local arbitrary traditions that were stable over two generations, despite high population turnover. Finally, we demonstrate a strong effect of social conformity, with individuals disproportionately adopting the most frequent local variant when first learning, but then also continuing to favour social over personal information by matching their technique to the majority variant. Cultural conformity is thought to be a key factor in the evolution of complex culture in humans. In providing the first experimental demonstration of conformity in a wild non-primate, and of cultural norms in foraging techniques in any wild animal, our results suggest a much wider evolutionary occurrence of such apparently complex cultural behaviour.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
CoussiKorbel, S;Fragaszy, DM
通讯作者：
Fragaszy, DM
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
WARNER, RR
通讯作者：
WARNER, RR
DOI：
10.1126/science.1213969
发表时间：
2012-03-02
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dean LG;Kendal RL;Schapiro SJ;Thierry B;Laland KN
通讯作者：
Laland KN
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Morand-Ferron, Julie;Cole, Ella F.;Quinn, John L.
通讯作者：
Quinn, John L.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Claidiere, Nicolas;Messer, Emily J. E.;Whiten, Andrew
通讯作者：
Whiten, Andrew