In vitro osteoclast resorption of bone substitute biomaterials used for implant site augmentation: a pilot study.
In vitro osteoclast resorption of bone substitute biomaterials used for implant site augmentation: a pilot study.
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用于植入部位增强的骨替代生物材料的体外破骨细胞吸收：一项试点研究。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. I. Anderson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James C Taylor;S. Cuff;James P L Leger;Amani Morra;G. I. Anderson
目的
本观察性研究检查了生长在牛皮质骨切片上的正常新生兔破骨细胞与市售骨替代生物材料样品的再吸收行为。它还检查了这些材料的表面特性。
材料和方法
测试的11种材料分为3组：（1）骨源性，包括冻干人肋骨块、人脱矿冻干骨和脱蛋白牛骨;（2）合成羟基磷灰石（HA）;和（3）合成非HA，包括涂层甲基丙烯酸酯和涂层石英玻璃。培养4天后，每种材料的一组样品进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM），以评估与对照组的再吸收凹陷，而另一组进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色和光学显微镜检查破骨细胞的数量和形态。对2种牛源性HA材料进行免疫组织化学染色和表面化学分析。
结果
虽然大多数这些材料支持破骨细胞附着，一些扩散，并在培养物中存活，但只有骨源性材料（烧结脱蛋白牛骨除外）在SEM检查时显示出大的扇形边缘吸收坑，有痕迹和暴露的胶原蛋白，尽管程度与未加工的天然骨材料不同。HA材料和烧结的脱蛋白牛骨显示出蚀刻的证据，具有较小的凹坑，但没有再吸收痕迹形成的证据。非HA材料没有显示出凹坑形成或痕迹的证据。在免疫组化染色下，Bio-Oss在其表面上破骨细胞活性后出现I型胶原阳性，而Osteocarcinoma/N未显示阳性染色。表面化学分析显示Bio-Oss样本中存在氮（0.17%至0.47%），而Osteoorthin/N中未检测到氮（0.00%）;在正常牛骨对照中观察到的氮百分比为6.01%至9.25%。
讨论
骨源性材料支持材料表面上的破骨细胞活性，促进体外更复杂的吸收陷窝的形成。假设在体外观察到的窝形成速率与在体内观察到的相似，则在非骨源性材料（可能是烧结的骨源性材料）上观察到的骨细胞重塑的数量和类型将极其缓慢至可忽略不计。体内非骨源性骨替代物的生理性去除可能通过破骨细胞吸收以外的方法发生。
结论
当用于支持骨结合牙种植体的部位时，发生延迟生理性吸收的同种异体和异种骨源性材料可能更适合与分期手术方法一起使用。胶原蛋白染色和氮的存在表明Bio-Oss中可能存在残留蛋白。
PURPOSE
This observational study examined the resorptive behavior of normal neonatal rabbit osteoclasts grown on slices of bovine cortical bone as compared to samples of commercially available bone substitute biomaterials. It also examined the surface characteristics of these materials.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The 11 materials tested fell into 3 groups: (1) bone-derived, including freeze-dried human rib block, human demineralized freeze-dried bone, and deproteinated bovine bone; (2) synthetic hydroxyapatites (HA); and (3) synthetic non-HA, including coated methacrylates and coated silica glass. After 4 days in culture, 1 group of samples of each material underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate resorptive pitting versus controls, while another group underwent tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and light microscopy to examine osteoclast numbers and morphology. The 2 bovine-derived HA materials also underwent immunohistochemical staining and surface chemistry analysis.
RESULTS
While most of these materials supported osteoclast attachment, some spreading, and survival in culture, only the bone-derived materials, with the exception of sintered deproteinated bovine bone, showed large scalloped-edged resorption pits with trails and exposed collagen when examined by SEM, although not to the same extent as unprocessed natural bone material. The HA materials and the sintered deproteinated bovine bone showed evidence of etching with smaller pits but no evidence of resorptive trail formation. The non-HA materials showed no evidence of pit formation or trails. Under immunohistochemical staining, Bio-Oss appeared to be positive for type I collagen after osteoclast activity on its surface, while Osteograf/N showed no positive staining. Surface chemistry analysis revealed nitrogen present in Bio-Oss specimens (0.17% to 0.47%), while there was no nitrogen detected in the Osteograf/N (0.00%); the percent nitrogen observed in normal bovine bone controls was 6.01% to 9.25%.
DISCUSSION
The bone-derived materials supported osteoclast activity on the material surface in a way that facilitated formation of the more complex resorption pits in vitro. Assuming the rate of pit formation observed in vitro mimics that observed in vivo, the quantity and type of osteoclastic remodeling seen on non-bone-derived materials--and perhaps sintered bone-derived materials--would be extremely slow to negligible. Physiologic removal of non-bone-derived bone substitutes in vivo may occur by methods other than osteoclast resorption.
CONCLUSIONS
Allogenous and xenogenous bone-derived materials that undergo delayed physiologic resorption may be more appropriately used with a staged surgical approach when used in sites intended to support osseointegrated dental implants. The combination of collagen staining and the presence of nitrogen suggest that there may be residual protein in Bio-Oss.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Huja, SS;Katona, TR;Roberts, WE
通讯作者：
Roberts, WE
DOI：
10.1172/jci118197
发表时间：
1995-09
期刊：
The Journal of clinical investigation
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Zaidi;V. Shankar;R. Tunwell;O. Adebanjo;J. Mackrill;M. Pazianas;D. O'Connell;B. Simon;B. Rifkin;A. Venkitaraman
通讯作者：
M. Zaidi;V. Shankar;R. Tunwell;O. Adebanjo;J. Mackrill;M. Pazianas;D. O'Connell;B. Simon;B. Rifkin;A. Venkitaraman