Nucleoside salvage pathway kinases regulate hematopoiesis by linking nucleotide metabolism with replication stress.

Nucleoside salvage pathway kinases regulate hematopoiesis by linking nucleotide metabolism with replication stress.
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DOI:
10.1084/jem.20121061
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发表时间:
2012-11-19
期刊:
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Radu CG
Radu CG
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Austin WR;Armijo AL;Campbell DO;Singh AS;Hsieh T;Nathanson D;Herschman HR;Phelps ME;Witte ON;Czernin J;Radu CG

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Endogenous thymidine plays a critical role in the induction of replication stress in thymocytes. Nucleotide deficiency causes replication stress (RS) and DNA damage in dividing cells. How nucleotide metabolism is regulated in vivo to prevent these deleterious effects remains unknown. In this study, we investigate a functional link between nucleotide deficiency, RS, and the nucleoside salvage pathway (NSP) enzymes deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) and thymidine kinase (TK1). We show that inactivation of dCK in mice depletes deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) pools and induces RS, early S-phase arrest, and DNA damage in erythroid, B lymphoid, and T lymphoid lineages. TK1−/− erythroid and B lymphoid lineages also experience nucleotide deficiency but, unlike their dCK−/− counterparts, they still sustain DNA replication. Intriguingly, dCTP pool depletion, RS, and hematopoietic defects induced by dCK inactivation are almost completely reversed in a newly generated dCK/TK1 double-knockout (DKO) mouse model. Using NSP-deficient DKO hematopoietic cells, we identify a previously unrecognized biological activity of endogenous thymidine as a strong inducer of RS in vivo through TK1-mediated dCTP pool depletion. We propose a model that explains how TK1 and dCK “tune” dCTP pools to both trigger and resolve RS in vivo. This new model may be exploited therapeutically to induce synthetic sickness/lethality in hematological malignancies, and possibly in other cancers.
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