"You're going to look at me differently": A qualitative study of disclosure experiences among survivors of military sexual assault.
"You're going to look at me differently": A qualitative study of disclosure experiences among survivors of military sexual assault.
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“你会对我有不同的看法”：对军队性侵犯幸存者的披露经历进行定性研究。
DOI：
10.1002/jts.22797
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Zalta,AlysonK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rufa,AnneK;Carroll,KathrynK;Lofgreen,Ashton;Klassen,Brian;Held,Philip;Zalta,AlysonK
大多数性侵犯的幸存者在他们的社交网络中披露他们的经历。先前关于经历性创伤的个人的披露的研究主要集中在儿童期性虐待、大学年龄的妇女或向正式支持来源的披露（例如，治疗提供者）。关于军事性侵犯（MSA）退伍军人幸存者的披露研究有限。目前的定性研究旨在探讨MSA寻求治疗的幸存者的披露经验。参与者是17名退伍军人（n= 13名女性，n= 4名男性），年龄33-65岁，报告经历MSA。在半结构化访谈中，参与者被问及他们向非正式支持人员（例如，家庭成员、伙伴、朋友）。叙述性专题分析确定了在披露的不同方面出现的11个专题，包括（a）披露的准备和理由（反应性或自发性披露，作为解释/义务的披露），（B）对披露经验的预期（没有期望，基于社会化信念的消极期望，基于特定关系的积极期望，经验和期望之间的不匹配），（c）实际披露经历（个人化的负面经历、支持性反应、分享耻辱），以及（d）军事背景（向另一名军事成员披露、报告动态）。这些类别中嵌套了其他子主题。调查结果表明，参与者有共同的经历，特别是在披露理由方面。关键差异在很大程度上受到背景因素的影响（例如，披露接收方的响应）。这些发现对那些正在准备和应对信息披露后果的MSA幸存者的临床医生有着重要意义。
Most survivors of sexual assault who disclose their experience do so within their social network. Prior research on disclosure among individuals who experience sexual trauma has mainly focused on childhood sexual abuse, college‐aged women, or disclosure to formal sources of support (e.g., treatment providers). There is limited research on disclosure among veteran survivors of military sexual assault (MSA). The current qualitative study aimed to explore the disclosure experiences of treatment‐seeking survivors of MSA. Participants were 17 veterans (n= 13 women,n= 4 men), aged 33–65 years, who reported experiencing MSA. During semistructured interviews, participants were asked about their experiences disclosing MSA to informal support persons (e.g., family members, partners, friends). A narrative thematic analysis identified 11 themes that emerged throughout different aspects of the disclosure, including (a) preparation and reason for disclosure (reactive or spontaneous disclosures, disclosure as an explanation/obligation), (b) expectations about the disclosure experience (no expectations, negative expectations grounded in socialized beliefs, positive expectations based on specific relationships, mismatch between experience and expectation), (c) the actual disclosure experience (negative experiences of personalization, supportive responses, share shame), and (d) military context (disclosing to another member of the military, reporting dynamics). Additional subthemes were nested within these categories. The findings indicated common experiences across participants, particularly regarding disclosure rationale. Key differences were largely influenced by contextual factors (e.g., response of the disclosure recipient). These findings hold implications for clinicians working with survivors of MSA who are preparing for and coping with the consequences of disclosure.
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