Cytosolic sensing of viruses.

Cytosolic sensing of viruses.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.immuni.2013.05.007
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发表时间:
2013-05-23
期刊:
影响因子:
32.4
通讯作者:
Reis e Sousa C
Reis e Sousa C
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goubau D;Deddouche S;Reis e Sousa C

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细胞具有快速检测和应对病毒的机制。这些防御机制部分依赖于受体,其监测细胞质中与病毒感染相关的非典型核酸的存在。RIG-I样受体检测未感染宿主中不存在的RNA分子。DNA受体提醒细胞注意细胞质中该核酸的异常存在。通过RNA和DNA受体的信号传导导致限制因子的诱导,所述限制因子阻止病毒复制并建立细胞固有的抗病毒免疫。鉴于这些巨大的障碍,病毒已经进化出逃避机制,掩蔽宿主识别的核酸结构,使自身远离细胞质或靶向宿主传感器,并向适配器发出信号以使其失活或降解。在这里,我们详细介绍了最近的进展,在分子水平上的理解细胞质核酸检测和病毒的逃避。
Cells are equipped with mechanisms that allow them to rapidly detect and respond to viruses. These defense mechanisms rely partly on receptors that monitor the cytosol for the presence of atypical nucleic acids associated with virus infection. RIG-I-like receptors detect RNA molecules that are absent from the uninfected host. DNA receptors alert the cell to the abnormal presence of that nucleic acid in the cytosol. Signaling by RNA and DNA receptors results in the induction of restriction factors that prevent virus replication and establish cell-intrinsic antiviral immunity. In light of these formidable obstacles, viruses have evolved mechanisms of evasion, masking nucleic acid structures recognized by the host, sequestering themselves away from the cytosol or targeting host sensors, and signaling adaptors for deactivation or degradation. Here, we detail recent advances in the molecular understanding of cytosolic nucleic acid detection and its evasion by viruses.
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