Meteorological conditions, climate change, new emerging factors, and asthma and related allergic disorders. A statement of the World Allergy Organization.
Meteorological conditions, climate change, new emerging factors, and asthma and related allergic disorders. A statement of the World Allergy Organization.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40413-015-0073-0
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Annesi-Maesano I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Amato G;Holgate ST;Pawankar R;Ledford DK;Cecchi L;Al-Ahmad M;Al-Enezi F;Al-Muhsen S;Ansotegui I;Baena-Cagnani CE;Baker DJ;Bayram H;Bergmann KC;Boulet LP;Buters JT;D'Amato M;Dorsano S;Douwes J;Finlay SE;Garrasi D;Gómez M;Haahtela T;Halwani R;Hassani Y;Mahboub B;Marks G;Michelozzi P;Montagni M;Nunes C;Oh JJ;Popov TA;Portnoy J;Ridolo E;Rosário N;Rottem M;Sánchez-Borges M;Sibanda E;Sienra-Monge JJ;Vitale C;Annesi-Maesano I
过敏性气道疾病如哮喘和鼻炎的患病率在世界范围内急剧增加，达到流行病的程度。除了工业排放和机动车辆造成的空气污染外，这种上升趋势只能用我们生活环境的巨大变化来解释。世界经济在过去25年中发生了变化，发展中国家处于这些变化的核心。全球范围内，无论是发达国家还是发展中国家，环境都在发生深刻变化。许多这些变化被认为对呼吸系统健康有负面影响，并增加了一般人群中哮喘等呼吸系统疾病的频率和严重程度。大气中温室气体浓度的增加，特别是二氧化碳（CO2）浓度的增加，已经使地球大幅变暖，造成更严重和更长时间的热浪、温度变化、空气污染加剧、森林火灾、干旱和洪水——所有这些都可能危及公众的呼吸健康。气候和空气质量的这些变化不仅对哮喘和其他呼吸系统疾病患者的发病率，而且对其死亡率都产生了可衡量的影响。由于上个世纪经济和工业的发展，空气污染物的排放量大量增加，使空气质量成为世界许多地区的首要环境问题。大量证据表明，我们的世界正在发生重大变化，而且与大气及其相关的气候有关。这些变化，包括由人类活动引起的全球变暖，对生物圈、生物多样性和人类环境产生了影响。减轻这种巨大的健康影响并扭转这些变化的影响是重大挑战。世界过敏组织（WAO）的这份声明提出了这一健康危害的重要性，并强调了与气候有关的健康影响的事实，包括：热浪和极端气象事件造成的死亡和急性发病率；由于地面臭氧浓度较高，急性心肺事件的频率增加；由跨界微粒污染引起的呼吸道疾病发生频率的变化；变应原（花粉、霉菌和螨虫）时空分布的改变；还有一些传染病媒介。根据这份报告，这些影响不仅会影响那些目前患有哮喘的人，而且还会增加过敏性呼吸系统疾病和哮喘的发病率和患病率。气候变化对呼吸道过敏的影响仍然没有很好的定义，需要更多的研究来解决这个问题。一方面，全球变暖预计会影响花粉季节的开始、持续时间和强度，另一方面，由于空气污染、呼吸道感染和/或冷空气吸入等情况，哮喘加重率也会受到影响。
The prevalence of allergic airway diseases such as asthma and rhinitis has increased dramatically to epidemic proportions worldwide. Besides air pollution from industry derived emissions and motor vehicles, the rising trend can only be explained by gross changes in the environments where we live. The world economy has been transformed over the last 25 years with developing countries being at the core of these changes. Around the planet, in both developed and developing countries, environments are undergoing profound changes. Many of these changes are considered to have negative effects on respiratory health and to enhance the frequency and severity of respiratory diseases such as asthma in the general population. Increased concentrations of greenhouse gases, and especially carbon dioxide (CO2), in the atmosphere have already warmed the planet substantially, causing more severe and prolonged heat waves, variability in temperature, increased air pollution, forest fires, droughts, and floods – all of which can put the respiratory health of the public at risk. These changes in climate and air quality have a measurable impact not only on the morbidity but also the mortality of patients with asthma and other respiratory diseases. The massive increase in emissions of air pollutants due to economic and industrial growth in the last century has made air quality an environmental problem of the first order in a large number of regions of the world. A body of evidence suggests that major changes to our world are occurring and involve the atmosphere and its associated climate. These changes, including global warming induced by human activity, have an impact on the biosphere, biodiversity, and the human environment. Mitigating this huge health impact and reversing the effects of these changes are major challenges. This statement of the World Allergy Organization (WAO) raises the importance of this health hazard and highlights the facts on climate-related health impacts, including: deaths and acute morbidity due to heat waves and extreme meteorological events; increased frequency of acute cardio-respiratory events due to higher concentrations of ground level ozone; changes in the frequency of respiratory diseases due to trans-boundary particle pollution; altered spatial and temporal distribution of allergens (pollens, molds, and mites); and some infectious disease vectors. According to this report, these impacts will not only affect those with current asthma but also increase the incidence and prevalence of allergic respiratory conditions and of asthma. The effects of climate change on respiratory allergy are still not well defined, and more studies addressing this topic are needed. Global warming is expected to affect the start, duration, and intensity of the pollen season on the one hand, and the rate of asthma exacerbations due to air pollution, respiratory infections, and/or cold air inhalation, and other conditions on the other hand.
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影响因子：
10
作者：
Annesi-Maesano I;Hulin M;Lavaud F;Raherison C;Kopferschmitt C;de Blay F;Charpin DA;Denis C
通讯作者：
Denis C
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Al-Hurban, Adeeba Essa;Al-Ostad, Abdulaziz Naser
通讯作者：
Al-Ostad, Abdulaziz Naser
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Accordini, Simone;Corsico, Angelo G.;de Marco, Roberto
通讯作者：
de Marco, Roberto
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Acevedo, N.;Erler, A.;Caraballo, L.
通讯作者：
Caraballo, L.
影响因子：
14.2
作者：
Amoah, Abena S.;Obeng, Benedicta B.;Larbi, Irene A.;Versteeg, Serge A.;Aryeetey, Yvonne;Akkerdaas, Jaap H.;Zuidmeer, Laurian;Lidholm, Jonas;Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat;Hartgers, Franca C.;Boakye, Daniel A.;van Ree, Ronald;Yazdanbakhsh, Maria
通讯作者：
Yazdanbakhsh, Maria