Regulatory mechanisms of cytoneme-based morphogen transport.
Regulatory mechanisms of cytoneme-based morphogen transport.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00018-022-04148-x
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发表时间：
2022-02-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ogden SK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daly CA;Hall ET;Ogden SK
在发育和组织稳态过程中，细胞必须与它们的邻居进行通信，以确保对指令线索的协调反应。诸如形态发生素和生长因子的线索以时间和组织特异性方式在短范围和长范围内发出信号，以指导细胞命运决定，提供位置信息，并激活生长和存活反应。这些信号穿越细胞外环境以确保可靠地传递到其预期细胞靶点的精确机制尚不清楚。一种解释这种现象的模型认为，被称为细胞丝的特化丝状伪足在信号产生细胞和信号接收细胞之间延伸，起到信息沿着流动的膜上高速公路的作用。越来越多的证据支持cytonemes在细胞间通讯中的重要作用。尽管如此，细胞素启动的分子机制，它们如何生长，以及它们如何传递特定信号才刚刚开始被揭示。在此，我们讨论了最近的进展，以提高对细胞丝生物学的理解。我们讨论的相似之处和其他类型的细胞延伸之间的差异，总结了什么是已知的关于它们是如何起源的，并讨论了它们的活动可能是控制在发展和组织稳态的分子机制。最后，我们强调重要的开放性问题，关于细胞丝体生物学，并评论如何清楚地了解其功能可能提供治疗或预防疾病的机会。
During development and tissue homeostasis, cells must communicate with their neighbors to ensure coordinated responses to instructional cues. Cues such as morphogens and growth factors signal at both short and long ranges in temporal- and tissue-specific manners to guide cell fate determination, provide positional information, and to activate growth and survival responses. The precise mechanisms by which such signals traverse the extracellular environment to ensure reliable delivery to their intended cellular targets are not yet clear. One model for how this occurs suggests that specialized filopodia called cytonemes extend between signal-producing and -receiving cells to function as membrane-bound highways along which information flows. A growing body of evidence supports a crucial role for cytonemes in cell-to-cell communication. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms by which cytonemes are initiated, how they grow, and how they deliver specific signals are only starting to be revealed. Herein, we discuss recent advances toward improved understanding of cytoneme biology. We discuss similarities and differences between cytonemes and other types of cellular extensions, summarize what is known about how they originate, and discuss molecular mechanisms by which their activity may be controlled in development and tissue homeostasis. We conclude by highlighting important open questions regarding cytoneme biology, and comment on how a clear understanding of their function may provide opportunities for treating or preventing disease.
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