Saturated fatty acid biomarkers and risk of cardiometabolic diseases: A meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Saturated fatty acid biomarkers and risk of cardiometabolic diseases: A meta-analysis of prospective studies.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnut.2022.963471
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Ma, Le
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Zhaoqing;Lei, Haoyuan;Jiang, Hong;Fan, Yahui;Shi, Jia;Li, Chao;Chen, Fangyao;Mi, Baibing;Ma, Mao;Lin, Jing;Ma, Le
关键词：
关于循环饱和脂肪酸（SFA）与慢性疾病之间关系的证据不一。本研究的目的是确定总或个体 SFA 生物标志物与心脏代谢疾病风险之间的关联。从开始到 2022 年 3 月，检索了四个电子数据库。三名研究人员独立评估纳入情况并提取数据。使用随机效应或固定效应模型来估计总或单个 SFA 生物标志物关联的汇总相对风险 (RR) 和相应的 95% 置信区间 (CI)，包括偶数链 SFA（例如 14:0，肉豆蔻酸；16:0，棕榈酸；18:0，硬脂酸）、奇数链 SFA（例如，15:0、十五烷酸；17:0，十七烷酸）和超长链 SFA（VLCSFA；例如，20:0，花生酸；22:0，山萮酸；24:0，二十四烷酸），有发生 2 型糖尿病 (T2D)、心血管疾病 [CVD；冠心病（CHD），包括中风]、CHD 和中风。共纳入 45 篇文章中报告的 49 项前瞻性研究。循环总SFAs浓度较高与心脏代谢疾病风险增加相关，CVD风险显着增加50%（95%CI：1.31-1.71），CHD风险显着增加63%（95%CI：1.38-1.94），中风风险显着增加38%（95%CI：1.05-1.82）。同样，偶数链 SFA 水平与较高的慢性病风险呈正相关，RR 范围为 1.15 至 1.43。相比之下，心脏代谢疾病的风险随着奇数链 SFA 水平的增加而降低，RR 范围为 0.62 至 0.91。较高水平的 VLCSFA 相当于 CVD 减少 19%。进一步的剂量反应分析表明，循环中总 SFA 的百分比每增加 50%，T2D 风险就会增加 8%（RR：1.08，95%CI：1.02–1.14），并且有较高的 CVD 风险趋势（RR：1.15，95%CI：0.98–1.34）。在 17:0 生物标志物与 T2D 或 CVD 风险之间观察到逆线性关系。我们的研究结果支持当前关于减少饱和脂肪摄入量作为健康饮食模式一部分的建议。需要进一步的研究来证实我们对这些 SFA 与心脏代谢结果相关的研究结果，并阐明潜在的机制。 [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022329182]，标识符[CRD42022329182]。
Evidence regarding associations of circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) with chronic diseases is mixed. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between total or individual SFA biomarkers and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Four electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2022. Three investigators independently assessed for inclusion and extracted data. Random-effects or fixed-effects models was used to estimate the pooled relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of total or individual SFA biomarkers, including even-chain SFAs (e.g., 14:0, myristic acid; 16:0, palmitic acid; 18:0, stearic acid), odd-chain SFAs (e.g., 15:0, pentadecanoic acid; 17:0, margaric acid) and very-long-chain SFAs (VLCSFAs; e.g., 20:0, arachidic acid; 22:0, behenic acid; 24:0, lignoceric acid), with risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease [CVD; coronary heart disease (CHD) inclusive of stroke], CHD and stroke. A total of 49 prospective studies reported in 45 articles were included. Higher concentration of circulating total SFAs was associated with an increasing risk of cardiometabolic diseases, the risk increased significantly by 50% for CVD (95%CI:1.31–1.71), 63% for CHD (95%CI:1.38–1.94), 38% for stroke (95%CI:1.05–1.82), respectively. Similarly, levels of even-chain SFAs were positively associated with higher risk of chronic diseases, with RRs ranging from 1.15 to 1.43. In contrast, the risk of cardiometabolic diseases was reduced with increasing odd-chain SFA levels, with RRs ranging from 0.62 to 0.91. A higher level of VLCSFAs corresponded to 19% reduction in CVD. Further dose-response analysis indicated that each 50% increment in percentage of total SFAs in circulating was associated with an 8% higher risk of T2D (RR: 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02–1.14) and trends toward higher risk of CVD (RR: 1.15, 95%CI: 0.98–1.34). Inverse linear relationships were observed between 17:0 biomarker and T2D or CVD risk. Our findings support the current recommendations of reducing intake of saturated fat as part of healthy dietary patterns. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings on these SFAs in relation to cardiometabolic outcomes and to elucidate underlying mechanisms. [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022329182], identifier [CRD42022329182].
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