Preterm birth: the role of knowledge transfer and exchange.
Preterm birth: the role of knowledge transfer and exchange.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12961-017-0238-0
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发表时间：
2017-09-06
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Knowledge Transfer and Exchange (KTE) Working Group
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horvath H;Brindis CD;Reyes EM;Yamey G;Franck L;Knowledge Transfer and Exchange (KTE) Working Group
早产（PTB）是五岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。与PTB相关的医疗保健政策和其他决策可能依赖于过时，不完整或不适用的研究证据，导致结局恶化。适当的知识转让和交流战略是减少全球肺结核负担的努力的一个重要组成部分。我们试图开发一个“景观”的KTE目前在PTB和相关环境中使用的战略分析，并提出优化方案的实施和未来的研究建议。在加州大学旧金山弗朗西斯科的早产倡议中，我们召集了一个多学科工作组，并检查了KTE框架。在选择了一个广泛使用的，适应性强，理论性强的框架，我们回顾了文献，以确定基于证据的KTE策略。我们分析了KTE方法，重点关注关键的PTB利益相关者（个人，家庭和社区，医疗服务提供者和政策制定者）。在该框架的指导下，我们阐述了可能改善PTB结果的KTE方法。我们进一步应用KTE框架制定建议。我们选择了将研究与行动联系起来的框架。19篇系统性综述，包括两篇“综述的综述”。12项审查为KTE战略在孕产妇、新生儿和儿童健康的背景下提供了证据，但不是专门针对PTB; 7项审查提供了可能普遍适用于PTB背景的“交叉”证据。对个人、家庭和社区而言，可能有效的知识传授和教育战略包括基于社区的办法、“决策辅助”、与提供者定期讨论以及其他战略。对提供者来说，通过当地舆论领袖、电子提醒、多方面战略和其他方法，知识传授教育的成果可能会得到改善。与结核病有关的政策决定最好通过使用证据简报、审议对话、支持循证决策工具和其他战略来了解。我们的研究建议涉及以下方面的知识差距：合作伙伴参与、适用性和背景、执行战略研究、监测和评价以及可持续知识和技术转移努力的基础设施。以证据为基础的知识、技能和经验交流，采用适合于每个利益攸关方群体的战略，对于在人口一级改善健康的任何努力都至关重要。PTB利益相关者应该从最早的阶段，最好是在规划开始之前，就充分参与KTE和项目规划。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12961-017-0238-0）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of death in children under age five. Healthcare policy and other decision-making relevant to PTB may rely on obsolete, incomplete or inapplicable research evidence, leading to worsened outcomes. Appropriate knowledge transfer and exchange (KTE) strategies are an important component of efforts to reduce the global PTB burden. We sought to develop a ‘landscape’ analysis of KTE strategies currently used in PTB and related contexts, and to make recommendations for optimising programmatic implementation and for future research. In the University of California, San Francisco’s Preterm Birth Initiative, we convened a multidisciplinary working group and examined KTE frameworks. After selecting a widely-used, adaptable, theoretically-strong framework we reviewed the literature to identify evidence-based KTE strategies. We analysed KTE approaches focusing on key PTB stakeholders (individuals, families and communities, healthcare providers and policymakers). Guided by the framework, we articulated KTE approaches that would likely improve PTB outcomes. We further applied the KTE framework in developing recommendations. We selected the Linking Research to Action framework. Searches identified 19 systematic reviews, including two ‘reviews of reviews’. Twelve reviews provided evidence for KTE strategies in the context of maternal, neonatal and child health, though not PTB specifically; seven reviews provided ‘cross-cutting’ evidence that could likely be generalised to PTB contexts. For individuals, families and communities, potentially effective KTE strategies include community-based approaches, ‘decision aids’, regular discussions with providers and other strategies. For providers, KTE outcomes may be improved through local opinion leaders, electronic reminders, multifaceted strategies and other approaches. Policy decisions relevant to PTB may best be informed through the use of evidence briefs, deliberative dialogues, the SUPPORT tools for evidence-informed policymaking and other strategies. Our recommendations for research addressed knowledge gaps in regard to partner engagement, applicability and context, implementation strategy research, monitoring and evaluation, and infrastructure for sustainable KTE efforts. Evidence-based KTE, using strategies appropriate to each stakeholder group, is essential to any effort to improve health at the population level. PTB stakeholders should be fully engaged in KTE and programme planning from its earliest stages, and ideally before planning begins. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12961-017-0238-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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