Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent "Stay-at-Home" Orders.
Health Behavior Changes During COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent "Stay-at-Home" Orders.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17176268
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发表时间：
2020-08-28
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mendez KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knell G;Robertson MC;Dooley EE;Burford K;Mendez KS
2019冠状病毒病大流行以及由此产生的“呆在家里”命令可能影响了成年人的积极健康行为（睡眠、体育活动）和消极健康行为（饮酒、吸毒和吸烟）。本研究的目的是调查这些健康行为在大流行的早期阶段是如何变化的（增加/改善或减少/恶化），哪些参与者特征与健康行为变化相关，以及为什么会发生这些行为变化。一项由1809名居住在美国的成年人组成的便利样本于2020年4月和5月完成了一份15分钟的自我报告问卷。多项逻辑回归和描述性统计被用来评估如何，为谁，以及为什么这些健康行为改变。参与者主要是女性（67.4%），年龄35-49岁（39.8%），大学毕业生（83.3%），非烟草使用者（74.7%），以前使用过大麻（48.6%）。总体而言，参与者主要报告身体活动减少，而睡眠和所有负面健康行为保持不变。负性健康行为的改变与性别、年龄、父母状况、教育状况、工作状况、BMI和抑郁评分有关（p < 0.05）。积极健康行为的改变与性别、父母身份、工作状况和抑郁评分有关（p < 0.05）。在大流行期间有更多的时间是改变健康行为（消极和积极）的最常见原因。公共卫生工作应解决COVID-19期间行为改变可能造成的长期健康后果。
The COVID-19 pandemic, and resultant “Stay-at-Home” orders, may have impacted adults’ positive health behaviors (sleep, physical activity) and negative health behaviors (alcohol consumption, drug use, and tobacco use). The purpose of this study was to investigate how these health behaviors changed (increased/improved or decreased/worsened) at the early stages of the pandemic, what participant characteristics were associated with health behavior changes, and why these behavioral changes may have occurred. A convenience sample of 1809 adults residing in the United States completed a 15-min self-report questionnaire in April and May 2020. Multinomial logistic regressions and descriptive statistics were used to evaluate how, for whom, and why these health behaviors changed. Participants were primarily female (67.4%), aged 35–49 years (39.8%), college graduates (83.3%), non-tobacco users (74.7%), and had previously used marijuana (48.6%). Overall, participants primarily reported a decrease in physical activity, while sleep and all of the negative health behaviors remained the same. Changes in negative health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, age, parental status, educational status, job status, BMI, and depression scores. Changes in positive health behaviors were related (p < 0.05) to sex, parental status, job status, and depression scores. Having more time available during the pandemic was the most commonly cited reason for changing health behaviors (negative and positive). Public health efforts should address the potential for long-term health consequences due to behavior change during COVID-19.
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