Snoring children: factors predicting sleep apnea.
Snoring children: factors predicting sleep apnea.
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打鼾儿童：预测睡眠呼吸暂停的因素。
DOI：
10.3109/00016489709124119
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Jokinen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Nieminen;U. Tolonen;H. Löppönen;T. Löppönen;J. Luotonen;K. Jokinen
许多打鼾的儿童根据他们的父母表现出阻塞性症状。这些儿童的症状的严重性和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）的可能性可能很难仅根据临床表现和患者的病史来判断。为了评估打鼾儿童患OSAS的相对危险度（RR），将其症状和体征（由父母报告）以及临床表现与夜间多导睡眠图（PSG）结果进行比较。以PSG阻塞性呼吸暂停指数（AI）≥ 1作为OSAS的诊断标准。平均AI为1.55（范围0-15），29名儿童有病理性AI，而49名儿童PSG记录正常。父母每晚检测到的窒息发作是OSAS最重要的单一危险因素（RR 3.6，95%置信区间（CI）1.7-7.7）。当呼吸暂停出现频率降低时，RR比降低，但任何检测到的呼吸暂停仍然是单一风险因素（RR 1.4，CI 1.2-1.8）。夜间症状的其他危险因素是持续打鼾（RR 1.5，CI 1.0-2.1）和睡眠不安（RR 2.1，CI 1.1-4.0）。在日间症状中，无过度嗜睡是OSAS的保护因素（RR 0.3，CI 0.1-1.0）。发现既往腺样体切除术是一个危险因素（RR 1.7，CI 1.1-2.7），扁桃体肿大也是一个危险因素（RR 1.4，CI 1.1-1.8）。这两项发现表明，咽上间隙在儿童OSAS的发展中不起中心作用。如果没有多导睡眠图，就不能可靠地诊断阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征，多导睡眠图是对有阻塞性症状的打鼾儿童最重要的检查。对于临床决策，风险因素的考虑至关重要。
Many snoring children present obstructive symptoms according to their parents. The seriousness of the symptoms and the possibility of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in these children may be difficult to judge on the basis of the clinical findings and the patient's history only. In order to evaluate snoring children's relative risk (RR) to have OSAS, their symptoms and signs, as reported by the parents, and clinical findings were compared with the results of overnight polysomnography (PSG). An obstructive apnea index (AI) > or = 1 in PSG was regarded as the criterion for OSAS. The mean AI was 1.55 (range 0-15), and 29 children had a pathological AI, while 49 had a normal PSG recording. Apneic episodes every night detected by the parents was the most important single risk factor for OSAS (RR 3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-7.7). The RR ratio decreased when apneas appeared less frequently, but any detected apnea was still a single risk factor (RR 1.4, CI 1.2-1.8). The other risk factors of night-time symptoms were constant snoring (RR 1.5, CI 1.0-2.1) and restless sleep (RR 2.1, CI 1.1-4.0). Of the daytime symptoms, absence of excessive sleepiness was a protective factor against OSAS (RR 0.3, CI 0.1-1.0). Previous adenoidectomy was found to be a risk factor (RR 1.7, CI 1.1-2.7), as was tonsillar enlargement (RR 1.4, CI 1.1-1.8). These two findings suggest that the epipharyngeal space does not play a central role in the development of OSAS in children. OSAS cannot be reliably diagnosed without PSG, which is the most important examination for snoring children with obstructive symptoms. For clinical decisions, the consideration of risk factors is essential.
从阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征到上气道阻力综合征：白天嗜睡的一致性。
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Guilleminault,C;Stoohs,R;Clerk,A;Simmons,J;Labanowski,M
通讯作者：
Labanowski,M
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/146.5_pt_1.1235
发表时间：
1992-11-01
期刊：
AMERICAN REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY DISEASE
影响因子：
--
作者：
MARCUS, CL;OMLIN, KJ;WARD, SLD
通讯作者：
WARD, SLD
大鼠睡眠剥夺：XV。
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Landis,CA;Bergmann,BM;Ismail,MM;Rechtschaffen,A
通讯作者：
Rechtschaffen,A