Algorithmic Ethics: Formalization and Verification of Autonomous Vehicle Obligations
Algorithmic Ethics: Formalization and Verification of Autonomous Vehicle Obligations
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算法伦理:自动驾驶汽车义务的形式化和验证
DOI:
10.1145/3460975
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Houssam Abbas
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Colin Shea;Houssam Abbas
In this article, we develop a formal framework for automatic reasoning about the obligations of autonomous cyber-physical systems, including their social and ethical obligations. Obligations, permissions, and prohibitions are distinct from a system's mission, and are a necessary part of specifying advanced, adaptive AI-equipped systems. They need a dedicated deontic logic of obligations to formalize them. Most existing deontic logics lack corresponding algorithms and system models that permit automatic verification. We demonstrate how a particular deontic logic, Dominance Act Utilitarianism (DAU) [23], is a suitable starting point for formalizing the obligations of autonomous systems like self-driving cars. We demonstrate its usefulness by formalizing a subset of Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS) in DAU; RSS is an industrial proposal for how self-driving cars should and should not behave in traffic. We show that certain logical consequences of RSS are undesirable, indicating a need to further refine the proposal. We also demonstrate how obligations can change over time, which is necessary for long-term autonomy. We then demonstrate a model-checking algorithm for DAU formulas on weighted transition systems and illustrate it by model-checking obligations of a self-driving car controller from the literature.
DOI:
10.1145/3359986.3361203
发表时间:
2019-10
期刊:
Proceedings of the 17th ACM-IEEE International Conference on Formal Methods and Models for System Design
影响因子:
--
作者:
Mohammad Hekmatnejad;Shakiba Yaghoubi;Adel Dokhanchi;H. B. Amor;Aviral Shrivastava;Lina Karam;Georgios Fainekos
通讯作者:
Mohammad Hekmatnejad;Shakiba Yaghoubi;Adel Dokhanchi;H. B. Amor;Aviral Shrivastava;Lina Karam;Georgios Fainekos
DOI:
10.1007/s10817-018-9499-8
发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Journal of Automated Reasoning
影响因子:
--
作者:
Jha, Susmit;Sahai, Tuhin;Raman, Vasumathi;Pinto, Alessandro;Francis, Michael
通讯作者:
Francis, Michael
DOI:
10.1007/s10009-015-0378-x
发表时间:
2017-02-01
影响因子:
1.5
作者:
Lomuscio, Alessio;Qu, Hongyang;Raimondi, Franco
通讯作者:
Raimondi, Franco