Limited-trust equilibria

Limited-trust equilibria
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有限信任均衡

DOI:
10.1016/j.ejor.2020.07.009
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
Nagi, Rakesh
Nagi, Rakesh
中科院分区:
管理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Murray, Timothy;Garg, Jugal;Nagi, Rakesh

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我们提出并分析了一种新的均衡,其中有限的信任存在于长期互动的参与者之间。我们假设异质的相互作用:玩家将在一段不确定的时间内参与几个游戏,每个游戏的收益来自一个分布。因此,玩家不得参与同一游戏超过一次。我们定义了一个有限的信任平衡,以解决这些异构的游戏,显示其存在于所有有限的同时游戏,并分析它在一般情况下,在几个常见的游戏类。我们提供了几种解释这种均衡的领导者,追随者的游戏。然后,我们在数值上比较了这些均衡在同时博弈和领导者-追随者博弈中产生的社会效用,以及纳什均衡和斯塔克伯格均衡在相同博弈中产生的社会效用:当玩家表现出类似的信任水平δ时,每个玩家在每个游戏中看到其效用的平均增益约为δ,超过其在传统竞争/理性游戏中将实现的,这意味着对于每个游戏,玩家失去δ,还有一个博弈它会得到3δ因此,虽然参与者通过放弃一些东西而表现出“非理性”的行为,但他们实际上获得了更多,并且每个人都能够在纳什均衡中获得理性行为的好处。
We propose and analyze a new type of equilibrium, in which limited-trust exists between players with long-term interactions. We assume heterogeneous interactions: players will engage in several games over an undetermined period of time with payoffs for each game drawn from a distribution. As such, players may not engage in the same game more than once. We define a Limited-Trust equilibrium to address these heterogeneous games, show its existence in all finite simultaneous games, and analyze it in general and in several common classes of games. We provide several interpretations of this equilibrium in leader-follower games. We then numerically compare the social utility generated from these equilibria in both simultaneous and leader-follower games to that generated by Nash and Stackelberg equilibria in the same games: when players display a similar level of trustδ, each sees an average gain of approximatelyδin its utility each game over what it would achieve in traditional competitive/rational games, meaning for each game a player losesδ, there is another game it gains 3δ. Thus while players appear to play “non-rationally” by giving something up, they actually gain more and are each able to come out ahead of what they would have received if playing rationally as in a Nash equilibrium.
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