Prosecutors, court communities, and policy change: The impact of internal DOJ reforms on federal prosecutorial practices*

Prosecutors, court communities, and policy change: The impact of internal DOJ reforms on federal prosecutorial practices*
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检察官、法院群体和政策变化:司法部内部改革对联邦检察实践的影响*

DOI:
10.1111/1745-9125.12275
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Omori, Marisa
Omori, Marisa
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lynch, Mona;Barno, Matt;Omori, Marisa

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相似文献

当前的研究探讨了美国司法部 (DOJ) 的关键内部政策变化如何转化为一线检察实践。为了扩展法院作为社区的学术和政策实施实践的研究,我们使用美国量刑委员会 2004 年至 2019 年的数据,对联邦贩毒案件中检察裁量权的多项措施的结果进行建模,包括使用强制性最低指控和检察官认可的偏离,以测试政策变化对案件处理结果的影响。我们将检察措施与更不受自由裁量权操纵的措施(例如犯罪历史)以及代表司法和混合自由裁量权的措施(包括司法偏离和最终刑期长度)进行了对比。我们发现政策改革对司法部政策期间检察工具的使用方式产生了重大影响,并且我们发现各地区之间的差异是环境条件的函数,这与法院社区的文献一致。我们还发现,最近一段时期检察实践变化的一个强大驱动力是对特朗普任命的地区一级美国检察官的确认,这表明中层行为者在政策转化和实施方面具有重要的理论地位。
The current study examines how key internal U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) policy changes have been translated into front‐line prosecutorial practices. Extending courts‐as‐communities scholarship and research on policy implementation practices, we use U.S. Sentencing Commission data from 2004 to 2019 to model outcomes for several measures of prosecutorial discretion in federal drug trafficking cases, including the use of mandatory minimum charges and prosecutor‐endorsed departures, to test the impact of the policy changes on case processing outcomes. We contrast prosecutorial measures with measures that are more impervious to discretionary manipulation, such as criminal history, and those that represent judicial and blended discretion, including judicial departures and final sentence lengths. We find a significant effect of the policy reforms on how prosecutorial tools are used across DOJ policy periods, and we find variation across districts as a function of contextual conditions, consistent with the court communities literature. We also find that a powerful driver of changes in prosecutorial practices during our most recent period is the confirmation of individual Trump‐appointed U.S. Attorneys at the district level, suggesting an important theoretical place for midlevel actors in policy translation and implementation.
家庭暴力案件中检察官指控决定的建模
DOI: 10.1177/0011128705282496
发表时间: 2006
影响因子: 2.1
作者:
J. Worrall;Jay Ross;Eric S. Mccord
通讯作者: Eric S. Mccord
正义的轮廓:社区及其法院
DOI: 10.2307/1963977
发表时间: 1991
影响因子: 6.8
作者:
G. Tarr;James Eisenstein;Roy B. Flemming;P. Nardulli
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寻找缺失的环节:检查美国地方法院联邦指控谈判中的背景差异
DOI: --
发表时间: 2018
期刊: Justice quarterly
影响因子: 3.2
作者:
B. Johnson
通讯作者: B. Johnson
部门关于指控和量刑的政策
DOI: --
发表时间: 2017
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
J. E. Holder
通讯作者: J. E. Holder
超越差异:布克和加尔之后联邦量刑有何变化?
DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
Jeffery T. Ulmer;Michael T. Light
通讯作者: Michael T. Light