GADD34 is a modulator of autophagy during starvation.

GADD34 is a modulator of autophagy during starvation.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abb0205
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
di Bernardo D
di Bernardo D
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gambardella G;Staiano L;Moretti MN;De Cegli R;Fagnocchi L;Di Tullio G;Polletti S;Braccia C;Armirotti A;Zippo A;Ballabio A;De Matteis MA;di Bernardo D

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In response to starvation, cells tune protein synthesis to promote autophagy, thus ensuring nutrient recycling and survival. Cells respond to starvation by shutting down protein synthesis and by activating catabolic processes, including autophagy, to recycle nutrients. This two-pronged response is mediated by the integrated stress response (ISR) through phosphorylation of eIF2α, which represses protein translation, and by inhibition of mTORC1 signaling, which promotes autophagy also through a stress-responsive transcriptional program. Implementation of such a program, however, requires protein synthesis, thus conflicting with general repression of translation. How is this mismatch resolved? We found that the main regulator of the starvation-induced transcriptional program, TFEB, counteracts protein synthesis inhibition by directly activating expression of GADD34, a component of the protein phosphatase 1 complex that dephosphorylates eIF2α. We discovered that GADD34 plays an essential role in autophagy by tuning translation during starvation, thus enabling lysosomal biogenesis and a sustained autophagic flux. Hence, the TFEB-GADD34 axis integrates the mTORC1 and ISR pathways in response to starvation.
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