Gene flow and biological conflict systems in the origin and evolution of eukaryotes.
Gene flow and biological conflict systems in the origin and evolution of eukaryotes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2012.00089
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Iyer LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aravind L;Anantharaman V;Zhang D;de Souza RF;Iyer LM
真核生物的内共生起源将细胞中两个完全不同的基因组结合在一起。此外，真核生物的自然史还包括其他内共生事件、生物体的吞噬消耗以及与病毒和内寄生虫的密切相互作用。这些现象促进了大规模的基因横向转移和生物冲突。我们综合了近二十年基因组学的信息来说明横向基因转移和生物冲突之间的相互作用如何影响真核生物中新适应性的出现。以顶复体为例，我们说明了来自动物的横向转移如何促成独特的寄生虫-宿主界面，该界面由粘附和o -连接糖基化相关结构域组成。适应性，由于生物和基因组冲突中分子参与者对多样性的强烈选择而出现，通过横向转移而分散，随后被期待为真核生物特异性创新。我们用真核染色质、RNAi和rna加工系统、信号通路、细胞凋亡和免疫的例子来说明这一点。我们强调了细菌毒素系统的催化结构域对信号转导酶的起源（例如，adp核糖基化和小分子信使合成），免疫受体多样化和rna加工的致突变酶的主要贡献。同样，我们讨论了细菌抗生素/铁载体合成系统以及基因组内和细胞内的自利元件（例如，限制性修饰，移动元件和溶原噬菌体）在染色质重塑/修饰酶和rna调控的出现中的贡献。我们提出了这样一个概念，即生物冲突系统是蛋白质世界创新的进化“托儿所”，这些创新通过横向基因流传递给真核生物，以刺激从核发生到谱系特异性适应的关键进化创新。
The endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotes brought together two disparate genomes in the cell. Additionally, eukaryotic natural history has included other endosymbiotic events, phagotrophic consumption of organisms, and intimate interactions with viruses and endoparasites. These phenomena facilitated large-scale lateral gene transfer and biological conflicts. We synthesize information from nearly two decades of genomics to illustrate how the interplay between lateral gene transfer and biological conflicts has impacted the emergence of new adaptations in eukaryotes. Using apicomplexans as example, we illustrate how lateral transfer from animals has contributed to unique parasite-host interfaces comprised of adhesion- and O-linked glycosylation-related domains. Adaptations, emerging due to intense selection for diversity in the molecular participants in organismal and genomic conflicts, being dispersed by lateral transfer, were subsequently exapted for eukaryote-specific innovations. We illustrate this using examples relating to eukaryotic chromatin, RNAi and RNA-processing systems, signaling pathways, apoptosis and immunity. We highlight the major contributions from catalytic domains of bacterial toxin systems to the origin of signaling enzymes (e.g., ADP-ribosylation and small molecule messenger synthesis), mutagenic enzymes for immune receptor diversification and RNA-processing. Similarly, we discuss contributions of bacterial antibiotic/siderophore synthesis systems and intra-genomic and intra-cellular selfish elements (e.g., restriction-modification, mobile elements and lysogenic phages) in the emergence of chromatin remodeling/modifying enzymes and RNA-based regulation. We develop the concept that biological conflict systems served as evolutionary “nurseries” for innovations in the protein world, which were delivered to eukaryotes via lateral gene flow to spur key evolutionary innovations all the way from nucleogenesis to lineage-specific adaptations.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Aoki, Stephanie K.;Poole, Stephen J.;Low, David A.
通讯作者：
Low, David A.
影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Anantharaman V;Aravind L
通讯作者：
Aravind L
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Bishop, RE;Leskiw, BK;Weiner, JH
通讯作者：
Weiner, JH
影响因子：
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作者：
Aravind, L.;Anantharaman, Vivek;Venancio, Thiago M.
通讯作者：
Venancio, Thiago M.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Aravind, L;Koonin, EV
通讯作者：
Koonin, EV