Regulatory RNAs in bacteria.

Regulatory RNAs in bacteria.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.043
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发表时间:
2009-02-20
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Storz G
Storz G
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Waters LS;Storz G

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细菌中的RNA调节子是一组异质性分子,它们通过各种机制来调节广泛的生理反应。一类包括核糖开关,这是它们调节的mRNA的一部分。这些前导序列折叠成在小分子结合时顺应构象变化的结构。因此,核糖开关可以感知并响应细胞中各种营养物质的可用性。其他小的转录物与蛋白质结合,其中包括全局调节剂,并拮抗它们的功能。最大和最广泛研究的一组小RNA调节因子通过与RNA的碱基配对起作用,通常调节mRNA的翻译和稳定性。这些小RNA中的大多数调节对环境条件变化的反应。最后,最近发现的一组RNA调节因子,称为CRISPR RNA,含有与噬菌体和质粒序列同源的短区域。CRISPR RNA通过未知机制靶向同源外源DNA干扰噬菌体感染和质粒缀合。在这里,我们讨论了什么是已知的这些RNA调节,以及许多有趣的问题,仍然有待解决。
RNA regulators in bacteria are a heterogenous group of molecules that act by various mechanisms to modulate a wide range of physiological responses. One class comprises riboswitches, which are parts of the mRNAs they regulate. These leader sequences fold into structures amenable to conformational changes upon the binding of small molecules. Riboswitches thus sense and respond to the availability of various nutrients in the cell. Other small transcripts bind to proteins, among them global regulators, and antagonize their functions. The largest and most extensively studied set of small RNA regulators act through base pairing with RNAs, usually modulating the translation and stability of mRNAs. The majority of these small RNAs regulate responses to changes in environmental conditions. Finally, a recently discovered group of RNA regulators, known as the CRISPR RNAs, contain short regions of homology to bacteriophage and plasmid sequences. CRISPR RNAs interfere with bacteriophage infection and plasmid conjugation by targeting the homologous foreign DNA through an unknown mechanism. Here we discuss what is known about these RNA regulators, as well as the many intriguing questions that remain to be addressed.
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