Self-care strategies and barriers among kidney transplant recipients: a qualitative study.
Self-care strategies and barriers among kidney transplant recipients: a qualitative study.
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DOI：
10.1177/1742395309103558
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发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Siminoff LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gordon EJ;Prohaska TR;Gallant M;Siminoff LA
我们调查了肾移植受者自我报告的运动水平和液体摄入量。我们还研究了人们对开展和维持适当的液体摄入、运动和饮食习惯自我保健的态度、障碍和策略。采用定性方法并辅以定量数据来检查肾移植受者的自我护理（n = 82），包括半结构化访谈和身体活动调查。三分之一的患者（33%）报告每天饮用推荐的3升液体。然而，大多数人（60%）报告没有接受这一建议或任何特定的液体摄入量建议。20%的人有适度到定期的体育锻炼，78%的人久坐不动。然而，许多人报告说，临床医生没有规定运动量（39%）或没有讨论运动（15%）。对液体摄入、运动和保持低盐饮食的态度大多是积极的；患者对维持低胆固醇饮食表现出相对较多的消极态度。液体摄入的主要障碍是不感到口渴，难以打破透析时形成的限制液体摄入的习惯，感觉饱腹和限制液体摄入。患者制定了创造性的策略来启动和维持适当的补水、身体活动和饮食水平，包括在不渴的时候有意识地喝水、改变环境、跟踪摄入量和依赖社会支持。很少接受肾移植的人对液体摄入或身体活动进行最佳的自我护理。大多数患者在自我护理方面遇到障碍，应该改善这些障碍，以帮助患者管理他们的移植。了解障碍和策略对于制定教育干预措施至关重要。
We investigated kidney transplant recipients’ self-reported levels of exercise and fluid intake. We also examined attitudes about, barriers to undertaking, and strategies used to initiate and maintain adequate self-care for fluid intake, exercise and dietary practices. A qualitative approach was used and supplemented by quantitative data to examine self-care among kidney transplant recipients (n = 82), including a semi-structured interview and survey of physical activity. One-third of patients (33%) reported drinking the recommended 3 L of fluid each day. However, the majority (60%) reported not receiving this or any specific fluid intake recommendation. Twenty percent reported engaging in moderate to regular physical activity while 78% were sedentary. However, many reported that clinicians did not specify the amount of exercise (39%) or did not discuss exercise (15%). Attitudes towards fluid intake, exercise and maintaining a low-salt diet were mostly positive; patients expressed relatively more negative attitudes towards maintaining a low-cholesterol diet. Major barriers to fluid intake were not feeling thirsty, difficulty breaking the habit of limiting fluid intake formed while on dialysis, feeling full and limited access to fluids. Patients devised creative strategies to initiate and maintain appropriate hydration, physical activity and dietary levels, including intentionally drinking when not thirsty, modifying the environment, tracking intake and relying on social supports. Few kidney recipients practiced optimal self-care for fluid intake or physical activity. Most patients encountered barriers to self-care that should be ameliorated to assist patients with managing their transplant. Understanding barriers and strategies is essential for developing educational interventions.
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影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Painter, PL;Hector, L;Ascher, NL
通讯作者：
Ascher, NL
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Bayliss, Elizabeth A.;Ellis, Jennifer L.;Steiner, John F.
通讯作者：
Steiner, John F.
影响因子：
19.6
作者：
Johansen, KL;Painter, P;Chertow, GM
通讯作者：
Chertow, GM
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Bodenheimer, T;Wagner, EH;Grumbach, K
通讯作者：
Grumbach, K
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Bayliss, Elizabeth A;Steiner, John F;Main, Deborah S
通讯作者：
Main, Deborah S