Transgenic petunia with the iron(III)-phytosiderophore transporter gene acquires tolerance to iron deficiency in alkaline environments.
Transgenic petunia with the iron(III)-phytosiderophore transporter gene acquires tolerance to iron deficiency in alkaline environments.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0120227
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Namba K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murata Y;Itoh Y;Iwashita T;Namba K
铁是所有植物的必需营养素。然而，陆生植物在碱性土壤中由于其极低的溶解度而经常遭受缺铁。碱性土壤约占世界所有耕地的30%。植物已经进化出两种不同的策略，I和II，用于从土壤中吸收铁。双子叶植物和非禾本科单子叶植物使用策略I，其主要基于铁（III）还原为铁（II）以及铁调节转运蛋白IRT 1对铁（II）的摄取。相比之下，禾本科植物使用策略II来有效地获得不溶性铁（III）。策略II包括铁螯合植物铁载体的合成和分泌，如mugineic酸和铁（III）-植物铁载体复合物的黄条1转运蛋白。大麦在禾本科植物中对碱性土壤中的缺铁表现出最高的耐受性，其利用麦红酸和特定的铁（III）-麦红酸转运蛋白HvYS 1。在这项研究中，我们建立了转基因植物矮牵牛，原来只有策略I，通过引入来自大麦的HvYS 1转运蛋白基因。当转基因植物在含有铁（III）-2′-脱氧麦根酸复合物的培养基中水培生长时，通过电喷雾电离-傅立叶变换-离子回旋共振质谱法在转基因植物的根提取物中检测到游离的2′-脱氧麦根酸及其铁（III）复合物。转基因矮牵牛在碱性条件下的生长显著优于对照。因此，转基因植物获得了显着增强的耐受性碱性水培介质中的铁（III）-2 '-脱氧mugineic酸络合物的存在下。此外，转基因植株的花色加深。结果表明，铁-植物铁载体复合物及其转运蛋白可用于克服碱性条件下植物对铁的吸收问题。
Iron is an essential nutrient for all plants. However, terrestrial plants often suffer from iron deficiency in alkaline soil due to its extremely low solubility. Alkaline soil accounts for about 30% of all cultivated ground in the world. Plants have evolved two distinct strategies, I and II, for iron uptake from the soil. Dicots and non-graminaceous monocots use Strategy I, which is primarily based on the reduction of iron(III) to iron(II) and the uptake of iron(II) by the iron-regulated transporter, IRT1. In contrast, graminaceous plants use Strategy II to efficiently acquire insoluble iron(III). Strategy II comprises the synthesis and secretion of iron-chelating phytosiderophores, such as mugineic acids and the Yellow Stripe 1 transporter proteins of the iron(III)-phytosiderophore complex. Barley, which exhibits the highest tolerance to iron deficiency in alkaline soil among graminaceous plants, utilizes mugineic acids and the specific iron(III)-mugineic acids transporter, HvYS1. In this study, we established the transgenic plant Petunia hybrida, which originally had only Strategy I, by introducing the HvYS1 transporter gene derived from barley. When the transgenic plants were grown hydroponically in media containing the iron(III)-2′-deoxymugineic acid complex, free 2′-deoxymugineic acid and its iron(III) complex were detected in the root extract of the transgenic plant by electrospray ionization-Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The growth of the transgenic petunia was significantly better than that of the control host in alkaline conditions. Consequently, the transgenic plant acquired a significantly enhanced tolerance to alkaline hydroponic media in the presence of the iron(III)-2′-deoxymugineic acid complex. Furthermore, the flower color of the transgenic plant deepened. The results showed that iron-phytosiderophore complexes and their transporters can potentially be utilized to overcome the worldwide iron uptake problems to diverse plant species that are found in areas with alkaline conditions.
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