Is hyperhomocysteinemia an Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factor, an AD marker, or neither?
Is hyperhomocysteinemia an Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factor, an AD marker, or neither?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tips.2011.05.003
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Praticò D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhuo JM;Wang H;Praticò D
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是最常见的神经退行性疾病。绝大多数AD病例是散发性的，没有明确的原因，并且与环境和遗传因素相结合。同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)是AD的危险因素的假说最初是因为观察到，经组织学证实的AD患者的血浆Hcy水平高于年龄匹配的对照组。到目前为止积累的大多数证据都表明HHcy是AD发病的危险因素，但也存在相互矛盾的结果。在这篇综述中，我们总结了流行病学调查中关于HHCY与AD关系的报道，包括观察性研究和随机对照临床试验。我们还考察了最近体内和体外关于同型半胱氨酸可能影响AD发展的潜在机制的研究。最后，我们讨论了存在冲突数据的可能原因，并对未来的研究提出了建议。
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease. The vast majority cases of AD are sporadic, without clear cause, and a combination of environmental and genetic factors have been implicated. The hypothesis that homocysteine (Hcy) is a risk factor for AD was initially prompted by the observation that patients with histologically confirmed AD had higher plasma levels of Hcy, also called hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), than age-matched controls. Most evidence accumulated so far implicates HHcy as a risk factor for AD onset, but conflicting results also exist. In this review, we summarize reports on the relationship between HHCy and AD from epidemiological investigations, including observational studies and randomized controlled clinical trials. We also examine recent in vivo and in vitro studies of potential mechanisms whereby HHcy may influence AD development. Finally, we discuss possible reasons for the existing conflicting data, and provide suggestions for future studies.
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