Cohesin is required for long-range enhancer action at the Shh locus.

Cohesin is required for long-range enhancer action at the Shh locus.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41594-022-00821-8
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发表时间:
2022-09
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
Bickmore WA
Bickmore WA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kane L;Williamson I;Flyamer IM;Kumar Y;Hill RE;Lettice LA;Bickmore WA

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哺乳动物发育基因的调控环境可能是复杂的,增强子分布在数百个千碱基上。有人认为,三维基因组组织,特别是由粘附素介导的环挤出形成的拓扑相关结构域,对于增强子在如此大的基因组距离内发挥作用是重要的。通过将急性蛋白质降解与靶向转录因子募集的合成激活相结合,我们在这里表明,在小鼠胚胎干细胞中,远距离增强子激活靶基因Shh需要粘附素,而不是CTCF。直接在启动子或从靠近Shh基因的增强子激活不需要粘附素。我们的发现支持这一假设,即由粘附素介导的环挤出介导的染色质紧凑允许基因被位于线性基因组中数百个碱基之外的增强子激活,但表明粘附素对于更接近基因组的增强子是必不可少的。
The regulatory landscapes of developmental genes in mammals can be complex, with enhancers spread over many hundreds of kilobases. It has been suggested that three-dimensional genome organisation, particularly topologically associating domains formed by cohesin-mediated loop extrusion, are important for enhancers to act over such large genomic distances. By coupling acute protein degradation with synthetic activation by targeted transcription factor recruitment, here we show that cohesin, but not CTCF, is required for activation of a target gene – Shh - by distant enhancers in mouse embryonic stem cells. Cohesin is not required for activation directly at the promoter or from an enhancer located closer to the Shh gene. Our findings support the hypothesis that chromatin compaction mediated by cohesin-mediated loop extrusion allows for genes to be activated by enhancers that are located many hundreds of kilobases away in the linear genome but suggests that cohesin is dispensable for more genomically close enhancers.
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