DNA breaks and chromosomal aberrations arise when replication meets base excision repair.

DNA breaks and chromosomal aberrations arise when replication meets base excision repair.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201312078
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发表时间:
2014-07-07
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lӧbrich M
Lӧbrich M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ensminger M;Iloff L;Ebel C;Nikolova T;Kaina B;Lӧbrich M

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N-烷基化剂处理后的 DNA 双链断裂和染色体畸变可能是由于复制叉与碱基切除修复过程中产生的单链断裂碰撞而引起的。 DNA 甲基化的暴露会有效诱导 DNA 双链断裂 (DSB) 和染色体畸变,人们认为,当受损碱基阻碍 DNA 复制时,就会出现这种情况。在这里,我们证明,当复制干扰碱基切除修复(BER)(修复甲基化碱基的主要途径)时,DNA 甲基化损伤会导致 DSB 形成。我们发现,与野生型细胞相比,N-甲基嘌呤 DNA 糖基化酶缺陷的细胞无法从 DNA 中去除 N-甲基嘌呤,也不会启动 BER,其甲基化诱导的 DSB 和染色体畸变水平大大降低。此外,无法在无嘌呤/无嘧啶位点产生单链断裂 (SSB) 的细胞在甲基化损伤后不会立即形成 DSB。相比之下,缺乏X射线交叉互补蛋白1、DNA聚合酶β或多聚(ADP-核糖)聚合酶1活性的细胞,所有这些都无法封闭在无嘌呤/无嘧啶位点诱导的SSB,表现出甲基化诱导的DSB和染色体畸变水平的强烈升高。我们提出,当复制叉与 BER 期间产生的 SSB 碰撞时,用 N-烷基化剂处理后会出现 DSB 和染色体畸变。
DNA double-strand breaks and chromosomal aberrations after treatment with N-alkylating agents likely arise as a result of replication fork collision with single-strand breaks generated during base excision repair. Exposures that methylate DNA potently induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and chromosomal aberrations, which are thought to arise when damaged bases block DNA replication. Here, we demonstrate that DNA methylation damage causes DSB formation when replication interferes with base excision repair (BER), the predominant pathway for repairing methylated bases. We show that cells defective in the N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase, which fail to remove N-methylpurines from DNA and do not initiate BER, display strongly reduced levels of methylation-induced DSBs and chromosomal aberrations compared with wild-type cells. Also, cells unable to generate single-strand breaks (SSBs) at apurinic/apyrimidinic sites do not form DSBs immediately after methylation damage. In contrast, cells deficient in x-ray cross-complementing protein 1, DNA polymerase β, or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 activity, all of which fail to seal SSBs induced at apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, exhibit strongly elevated levels of methylation-induced DSBs and chromosomal aberrations. We propose that DSBs and chromosomal aberrations after treatment with N-alkylators arise when replication forks collide with SSBs generated during BER.
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