Vagal and Sympathetic Activity in Burnouts During a Mentally Demanding Workday
Vagal and Sympathetic Activity in Burnouts During a Mentally Demanding Workday
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在精神要求较高的工作日中倦怠时的迷走神经和交感神经活动
DOI：
10.1097/01.psy.0000228012.38884.49
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
L. Kooistra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Zanstra;J. Schellekens;C. Schaap;L. Kooistra
目的：研究在高脑力劳动的工作日中，疲劳和控制在任务表现和相关交感-迷走神经反应模式上的差异。方法：39名倦怠的成年人和40名健康对照者在模拟工作日进行脑力任务。在测试前，午餐前（午餐测试）和一天结束时（后测试），Stroop颜色单词任务作为探测任务进行管理。效率（探测任务中表现和努力之间的关系）、表现（反应时间和错误）和努力（自我报告）以及交感神经（血压）和迷走神经（呼吸性窦性心律失常）活动的心血管指标被测量。结果：倦怠组和对照组在前测时的表现和努力投入无显著差异。随着时间的推移，控制组的表现比燃尽组的表现改善得更多。此外，对照组在应对脑力任务要求时血压下降，呼吸窦性心律失常活动减少，经历的努力没有变化。在倦怠组中，血压没有变化，表明交感神经在交感神经-迷走神经平衡中占主导地位。精疲力竭的人在工作日结束时更加努力，也更加疲惫。结论：只有在长时间的工作要求后，倦怠者和健康对照组的交感-迷走神经活动模式才会有所不同。研究结果有限地支持了Porges的观点，即在健康受试者中，迷走神经系统对具有挑战性的任务情境的反应比长期压力的个体更灵敏。在行为和生理特征的基础上，探讨了职业倦怠两个阶段的区别。CAR =皮质醇觉醒上升；ECG =心电图；HF-HRV =心率变异性高频带；HPA =下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺；HRV =心率变异性；MBP =平均血压（单位：mmHg）；MI2 =平方调制指数；eln(MI2) =调制指数平方的自然对数；心理努力评定量表；RT =反应时间；交感肾上腺素能髓质系统；SE =标准误差；TPR =总外围电阻；Utrechtse职业倦怠量表；方差分析；IBI =心跳间隔。
Objective: We study differences in task performance and related sympathetic-vagal reaction patterns between burnouts and controls during a mentally demanding workday. Method: Thirty-nine adults with burnout and 40 healthy controls performed mental tasks during a simulated workday. At pretest, just before lunch (lunch test) and at the end of the day (posttest), a Stroop color word task was administered as a probe task. Efficiency (the relation between performance and effort during the probe task), performance (reaction time and errors), and effort (self-report) were measured, as well as cardiovascular indices of sympathetic (blood pressure) and vagal (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) activity. Results: Performance and effort investment of both burnouts and controls did not differ during pretest. As the day progressed the performance of controls improved more than the performance of burnouts. Moreover, the control group showed a decrease of blood pressure in response to mental task demands, a decrease in respiratory sinus arrhythmia activity, and no change in experienced effort. In the burnout group, no change could be demonstrated in blood pressure, suggesting a sympathetic predominance in the sympathetic-vagal balance. Burnouts experienced an increase in effort and were more tired at the end of the workday. Conclusion: Burnouts and healthy controls differ in their pattern of sympathetic-vagal activity only after long-lasting work demands. Findings give limited support to Porges’s view that in healthy subjects, the vagal system is more responsive to challenging task situations than in chronically stressed individuals. The distinction between two phases in the burnout on the basis of behavioral and physiological characteristics is discussed. CAR = cortisol awakening rise; ECG = electrocardiogram; HF-HRV = high frequency band of heart rate variability; HPA = hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; HRV = heart rate variability; MBP = mean blood pressure (in mmHg); MI2 = squared modulation index; eln(MI2) = natural log of the squared modulation index; RSME = rating scale of mental effort; RT = reaction time; SAM = sympathetic adrenergic medullary system; SE = standard error; TPR = total peripheral resistance; UBOS = Utrechtse Burnout Scale; ANOVA = analysis of variance; IBI = interbeat interval.
心脏交感神经控制的个体差异可以预测对急性心理压力的内分泌和免疫反应。
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Uchino,BN;Cacioppo,JT;Malarkey,W;Glaser,R
通讯作者：
Glaser,R
影响因子：
3
作者：
Porges, SW
通讯作者：
Porges, SW