Polarized Cells, Polarized Views: Asymmetric Cell Division in Hematopoietic Cells
Polarized Cells, Polarized Views: Asymmetric Cell Division in Hematopoietic Cells
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极化细胞，极化观点：造血细胞的不对称细胞分裂
作者：
K. Pham;F. Sacirbegovic;S. Russell
长期以来，人们一直认为细胞形状和极性的改变在协调淋巴细胞功能方面发挥着重要作用。在过去的十年里，淋巴细胞极性的一个新方面引起了人们的极大关注，称为不对称细胞分裂(ACD)。ACD此前已被证明决定或影响模式生物(如蠕虫和苍蝇)的许多方面的发育，并在疾病中受到干扰。最近观察到ACD也存在于淋巴细胞中，这引发了令人兴奋的猜测，即ACD可能影响淋巴细胞的分化和功能，并可能影响白血病。分析ACD在这些活动中可能扮演的角色并不简单，到目前为止，关于ACD在淋巴细胞命运决定中发挥作用的证据也存在争议。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了迄今为止淋巴细胞中ACD的证据，以及它可能如何影响淋巴细胞的命运。我们还讨论了目前知识上的差距，并提出了明确测试ACD在淋巴细胞中的生理作用的方法。
It has long been recognized that alterations in cell shape and polarity play important roles in coordinating lymphocyte functions. In the last decade, a new aspect of lymphocyte polarity has attracted much attention, termed asymmetric cell division (ACD). ACD has previously been shown to dictate or influence many aspects of development in model organisms such as the worm and the fly, and to be disrupted in disease. Recent observations that ACD also occurs in lymphocytes led to exciting speculations that ACD might influence lymphocyte differentiation and function, and leukemia. Dissecting the role that ACD might play in these activities has not been straightforward, and the evidence to date for a functional role in lymphocyte fate determination has been controversial. In this review, we discuss the evidence to date for ACD in lymphocytes, and how it might influence lymphocyte fate. We also discuss current gaps in our knowledge, and suggest approaches to definitively test the physiological role of ACD in lymphocytes.
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