Counterfactual Desirability.

Counterfactual Desirability.
复制标题

反事实的可取性。

DOI:
10.1093/bjps/axv023
复制
发表时间:
2017-06
期刊:
The British journal for the philosophy of science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Stefánsson HO
Stefánsson HO
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bradley R;Stefánsson HO

文献摘要

参考文献

相似文献

理性选择的两个悖论杰弗里的合意概率和合意反事实表示反事实偏爱现实主义和合意最大化建模阿莱斯和戴蒙德的喜好反事实依赖偏好独立性和可加性可分离性伦理实际主义期望的效用,可分离性和伦理实际主义道德实在论和可分性结束语附录实际发生的事情的合意性往往受到可能发生的事情的影响。基于实际和反事实结果之间的这种价值依赖的偏好为正统决策理论带来了一类问题,最著名的可能是所谓的阿莱悖论。在本文中,我们通过将理查德·杰弗里的决策理论扩展到反事实前景,使用条件句的多维可能世界语义学来解决这些问题,并表明对反事实考虑敏感的偏好仍然可以是可取性最大化的。最后,我们研究了期望函数是标准期望效用函数的充要条件。事实证明,附加条件意味着非常不可信的认识论原则。
Two Paradoxes of Rational Choice Jeffrey Desirability Probability and desirability of counterfactuals Representations Counterfactuals Preference actualism and desirability maximization Modelling Allais's and Diamond’s preferences Counterfactual-Dependent Preferences Independence and additive separability Ethical actualism Expected utility, separability, and ethical actualism Ethical Actualism and Separability Concluding Remarks Appendix The desirability of what actually occurs is often influenced by what could have been. Preferences based on such value dependencies between actual and counterfactual outcomes generate a class of problems for orthodox decision theory, the best-known perhaps being the so-called Allais paradox. In this article we solve these problems by extending Richard Jeffrey’s decision theory to counterfactual prospects, using a multidimensional possible-world semantics for conditionals, and showing that preferences that are sensitive to counterfactual considerations can still be desirability-maximizing. We end the article by investigating the conditions necessary and sufficient for a desirability function to be a standard expected-utility function. It turns out that the additional conditions imply highly implausible epistemic principles.
DOI: 10.2307/2232669
发表时间: 1982-01-01
期刊: ECONOMIC JOURNAL
影响因子: 3.2
作者:
LOOMES, G;SUGDEN, R
通讯作者: SUGDEN, R
DOI: 10.1215/00318108-1630921
发表时间: 2012-10-01
影响因子: 3.5
作者:
Bradley, Richard
通讯作者: Bradley, Richard
DOI: 10.1017/s0266267115000152
发表时间: 2015-11-01
影响因子: 1.2
作者:
Stefansson, H. Orri
通讯作者: Stefansson, H. Orri
DOI: 10.2307/1914185
发表时间: 1979-01-01
期刊: ECONOMETRICA
影响因子: 6.1
作者:
KAHNEMAN, D;TVERSKY, A
通讯作者: TVERSKY, A
DOI: 10.2307/1994401
发表时间: 1966-01-01
影响因子: 1.3
作者:
BOLKER, ED
通讯作者: BOLKER, ED