Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks by the Nonhomologous End Joining Pathway.

Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks by the Nonhomologous End Joining Pathway.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-080320-110356
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发表时间:
2021-06-20
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Loparo JJ
Loparo JJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stinson BM;Loparo JJ

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DNA双链断裂(DSB)对基因组的稳定性构成严重威胁。在脊椎动物中,这些断裂主要通过非同源末端连接(NHEJ)修复,其在多蛋白质突触复合物中配对DNA末端以促进它们的直接连接。NHEJ是一种高度通用的途径,其利用一系列加工酶来修饰受损的DNA末端并使其能够连接。末端突触和末端加工的机制对基因组的稳定性具有重要意义。快速和稳定的联会对于限制由DNA末端错配引起的染色体易位是必要的。此外,末端加工必须严格调控,以最大限度地减少断裂位点的突变。在这里,我们回顾了我们目前的脊椎动物NHEJ的机制的理解,特别侧重于结束突触和处理。
DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) pose a serious threat to genome stability. In vertebrates, these breaks are predominantly repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), which pairs DNA ends in a multi-protein synaptic complex to promote their direct ligation. NHEJ is a highly versatile pathway that utilizes an array of processing enzymes to modify damaged DNA ends and enable their ligation. The mechanisms of end synapsis and end processing have important implications for genome stability. Rapid and stable synapsis is necessary to limit chromosome translocations that result from the mispairing of DNA ends. Furthermore, end processing must be tightly regulated to minimize mutations at the break site. Here we review our current mechanistic understanding of vertebrate NHEJ, with a particular focus on end synapsis and processing.
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