Dietary Protein and Energy Balance in Relation to Obesity and Co-morbidities.
Dietary Protein and Energy Balance in Relation to Obesity and Co-morbidities.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2018.00443
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Westerterp-Plantenga M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drummen M;Tischmann L;Gatta-Cherifi B;Adam T;Westerterp-Plantenga M
饮食蛋白质对体重管理是有效的，因为它促进了饱腹感，能量消耗，并改变了身体成分，有利于无脂肪的体重。在体重管理方面，不同蛋白质饮食的效果因能量平衡不同而不同。在能量限制期间，维持所需水平的蛋白质摄入量似乎足以帮助体重减轻和脂肪减少。额外增加蛋白质摄入量不会导致更大的体重减轻，但可以有效地保持更多的无脂肪质量。蛋白质诱导的饱腹感可能是血浆氨基酸和厌氧激素浓度升高、饮食诱导的产热增加和生酮状态的直接和间接影响的组合表达，所有这些都对中枢神经系统产生反馈。由于体重减轻而导致的能量消耗和睡眠代谢率的下降在高蛋白饮食中比在中蛋白饮食中要小。此外，对能量平衡的高蛋白饮食有较高的能量消耗率。在能量平衡方面，高蛋白饮食可能有利于阻止正能量平衡的发展，而低蛋白饮食可能会促进这一点。高蛋白-低碳水化合物饮食可能有利于控制健康人的肝内甘油三酯IHTG，这可能是涉及蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入量变化的综合影响的结果。体重减轻和随后的体重维持通常显示出与胰岛素敏感性相关的有利效果，尽管可能存在一些风险。除了对体重减轻和随后的体重维持的影响之外，促进胰岛素敏感性似乎不太可能。总而言之，高蛋白饮食可能会减少超重和肥胖，但除了对体重管理的影响外，高蛋白饮食是否有助于预防非酒精性脂肪肝、2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的增加还没有定论。
Dietary protein is effective for body-weight management, in that it promotes satiety, energy expenditure, and changes body-composition in favor of fat-free body mass. With respect to body-weight management, the effects of diets varying in protein differ according to energy balance. During energy restriction, sustaining protein intake at the level of requirement appears to be sufficient to aid body weight loss and fat loss. An additional increase of protein intake does not induce a larger loss of body weight, but can be effective to maintain a larger amount of fat-free mass. Protein induced satiety is likely a combined expression with direct and indirect effects of elevated plasma amino acid and anorexigenic hormone concentrations, increased diet-induced thermogenesis, and ketogenic state, all feed-back on the central nervous system. The decline in energy expenditure and sleeping metabolic rate as a result of body weight loss is less on a high-protein than on a medium-protein diet. In addition, higher rates of energy expenditure have been observed as acute responses to energy-balanced high-protein diets. In energy balance, high protein diets may be beneficial to prevent the development of a positive energy balance, whereas low-protein diets may facilitate this. High protein-low carbohydrate diets may be favorable for the control of intrahepatic triglyceride IHTG in healthy humans, likely as a result of combined effects involving changes in protein and carbohydrate intake. Body weight loss and subsequent weight maintenance usually shows favorable effects in relation to insulin sensitivity, although some risks may be present. Promotion of insulin sensitivity beyond its effect on body-weight loss and subsequent body-weight maintenance seems unlikely. In conclusion, higher-protein diets may reduce overweight and obesity, yet whether high-protein diets, beyond their effect on body-weight management, contribute to prevention of increases in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases is inconclusive.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Dangin, M;Boirie, Y;Beaufère, B
通讯作者：
Beaufère, B
饮食蛋白质含量对暴饮暴食期间体重增加，能量消耗和身体成分的影响：一项随机对照试验。
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Bray, George A.;Smith, Steven R.;de Jonge, Lilian;Xie, Hui;Rood, Jennifer;Martin, Corby K.;Most, Marlene;Brock, Courtney;Mancuso, Susan;Redman, Leanne M.
通讯作者：
Redman, Leanne M.
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Bernstein AM;Sun Q;Hu FB;Stampfer MJ;Manson JE;Willett WC
通讯作者：
Willett WC
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bowen, Jane;Noakes, Manny;Clifton, Peter M.
通讯作者：
Clifton, Peter M.
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Belza, Anita;Ritz, Christian;Astrup, Arne
通讯作者：
Astrup, Arne