Extended access to amphetamine self-administration increases impulsive choice in a delay discounting task in rats.
Extended access to amphetamine self-administration increases impulsive choice in a delay discounting task in rats.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-009-1667-4
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发表时间：
2009-12
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Bardo, Michael T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gipson, Cassandra D.;Bardo, Michael T.
d-安非他明 (AMPH) 是一种广泛使用的多动症药物，但人们对其不断增加的使用对冲动选择的影响知之甚少。目前的研究考察了短期和长期接受 AMPH 自我给药对延迟贴现任务中冲动选择的影响，其中大鼠在较小的即时奖励（立即 1 个蔗糖颗粒）和较大的延迟奖励（调整延迟后 3 个蔗糖颗粒）之间进行选择。在延迟贴现的选择稳定性之后，所有大鼠接受 15 次 1 小时的 AMPH 自我给药（0.1 或 0.03 mg/kg/输注）；每次延迟折扣疗程后 45 分钟开始自我管理疗程。然后，将大鼠维持在短访问（ShA）自我管理会话中，或者切换到长访问（LgA）6小时会话，持续21天，然后是7天的停药阶段，其中仅继续延迟折扣任务。 0.03 mg/kg/输注剂量组中的 LgA 大鼠在整个疗程中的输注总数有所增加，但 0.1 mg/kg/输注剂量组中的大鼠则没有。与 ShA 组相比，两个单位剂量的 LgA 组均显示出减少的平均调整延迟，这表明长期使用 AMPH 会增加冲动选择。在 AMPH 戒断阶段，LgA 组恢复到基线平均调整延迟，表明对冲动选择的影响是可逆的。这些结果表明，延长 AMPH 自我给药会导致抑制控制的短暂丧失，这可能在成瘾过程特征的药物摄入不断增加的模式中发挥作用。
d-Amphetamine (AMPH) is a widely prescribed ADHD medication, but little is known about its effects on impulsive choice with escalated use. The current study examined the effects of short and long access to AMPH self-administration on impulsive choice in a delay discounting task in which rats chose between a small immediate reward (1 sucrose pellet immediately) and a larger delayed reward (3 sucrose pellets after an adjusting delay). Following choice stability in delay discounting, all rats received 15 1-hour sessions of AMPH self-administration (0.1 or 0.03 mg/kg/infusion); self-administration sessions began 45 min after each delay discounting session. Rats were then either maintained on the short access (ShA) self-administration session or were switched to a long access (LgA) 6-hour session for 21 days, followed by a 7-day withdrawal phase in which only the delay discounting task continued. LgA rats in the 0.03 mg/kg/infusion dose group escalated in total number of infusions across sessions, although rats in the 0.1 mg/kg/infusion dose group did not. LgA groups at both unit doses showed decreased mean adjusted delays across sessions compared to the ShA groups, indicating that long access to AMPH increases impulsive choice. During the AMPH withdrawal phase, LgA groups returned back to baseline mean adjusted delays, indicating that the effect on impulsive choice was reversible. These results show that extended AMPH self-administration produces a transient loss of inhibitory control, which may play a role in the escalating pattern of drug intake that characterizes the addiction process.
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影响因子：
11
作者：
Berman, S. M.;Kuczenski, R.;McCracken, J. T.;London, E. D.
通讯作者：
London, E. D.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
EVANS, KR;VACCARINO, FJ
通讯作者：
VACCARINO, FJ
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Ahmed, SH;Koob, GF
通讯作者：
Koob, GF
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Ahmed, SH;Lin, D;Parsons, LH
通讯作者：
Parsons, LH
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Ahmed, SH;Koob, GF
通讯作者：
Koob, GF