The role of Broca's area in speech perception: evidence from aphasia revisited.
The role of Broca's area in speech perception: evidence from aphasia revisited.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bandl.2011.08.001
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发表时间：
2011-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Miceli, Gabriele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hickok, Gregory;Costanzo, Maddalena;Capasso, Rita;Miceli, Gabriele
由于镜像神经元的发现，言语感知的运动理论重新焕发了活力。一些作者甚至提出了运动理论的强化版本，认为运动语音系统对于感知至关重要。支持这一主张的部分证据来自 20 世纪 80 年代初的观察，即患有布罗卡失语症（因此推断布罗卡区受损）的个体可能在语音辨别方面存在缺陷。在这里，我们重新检查了 24 名经放射学证实布罗卡区病变以及不同程度相关的不流利言语产生的患者的这个问题。患者执行两项涉及CV音节对的同异辨别任务，其中两个CV均以听觉方式呈现，而另一项则以听觉方式呈现一个音节，而另一个以拼字形式视觉呈现；还使用听觉和视觉形式的单词与图片匹配任务来评估单词理解力。使用 d' 测量，全听觉任务的辨别表现比机会高出四个标准差，并且与患者言语产生的不流畅程度无关。然而，听觉-视觉任务的表现比全听觉任务差，并且与全听觉任务不相关。听觉视觉任务与言语不流利程度相关。听觉版本的单词理解能力达到上限（准确率 97%），而拼字版本的单词理解能力接近上限（准确率 90%）。我们得出的结论是，从辨别和理解范式的角度来看，运动语音系统对于语音感知来说并不是必需的，但可能在正字法解码或语音形式的听觉-视觉匹配中发挥作用。
Motor theories of speech perception have been re-vitalized as a consequence of the discovery of mirror neurons. Some authors have even promoted a strong version of the motor theory, arguing that the motor speech system is critical for perception. Part of the evidence that is cited in favor of this claim is the observation from the early 1980s that individuals with Broca’s aphasia, and therefore inferred damage to Broca’s area, can have deficits in speech sound discrimination. Here we re-examine this issue in 24 patients with radiologically confirmed lesions to Broca’s area and various degrees of associated non-fluent speech production. Patients performed two same-different discrimination tasks involving pairs of CV syllables, one in which both CVs were presented auditorily, and the other in which one syllable was auditorily presented and the other visually presented as an orthographic form; word comprehension was also assessed using word-to-picture matching tasks in both auditory and visual forms. Discrimination performance on the all-auditory task was four standard deviations above chance, as measured using d’, and was unrelated to the degree of non-fluency in the patients’ speech production. Performance on the auditory-visual task, however, was worse than, and not correlated with, the all-auditory task. The auditory-visual task was related to the degree of speech non-fluency. Word comprehension was at ceiling for the auditory version (97% accuracy) and near ceiling for the orthographic version (90% accuracy). We conclude that the motor speech system is not necessary for speech perception as measured both by discrimination and comprehension paradigms, but may play a role in orthographic decoding or in auditory-visual matching of phonological forms.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Hickok G
通讯作者：
Hickok G
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Dronkers, NF;Wilkins, DP;Jaeger, JJ
通讯作者：
Jaeger, JJ
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BLUMSTEIN, SE;COOPER, WE;CARAMAZZA, A
通讯作者：
CARAMAZZA, A
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
EIMAS, PD;SIQUELAND, ER;VIGORITO, J
通讯作者：
VIGORITO, J
DOI：
10.1080/01690961003595572
发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hickok, Gregory
通讯作者：
Hickok, Gregory