Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening in human cells.

Genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screening in human cells.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1247005
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发表时间:
2014-01-03
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zhang F
Zhang F
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shalem O;Sanjana NE;Hartenian E;Shi X;Scott DA;Mikkelson T;Heckl D;Ebert BL;Root DE;Doench JG;Zhang F

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对 CRISPR 相关核酸酶 Cas9 进行编程以修改特定基因组位点的简单性表明了一种在全基因组范围内探究基因功能的新方法。我们证明,慢病毒递送基因组规模的 CRISPR-Cas9 敲除 (GeCKO) 文库靶向 18,080 个基因和 64,751 个独特的指导序列,能够在人类细胞中进行阴性和阳性选择筛选。首先,我们使用 GeCKO 文库来鉴定癌症和多能干细胞中细胞活力所必需的基因。接下来,在黑色素瘤模型中,我们筛选了与维莫非尼(一种抑制突变蛋白激酶 BRAF 的治疗药物)耐药性相关的基因丢失。我们排名最高的候选基因包括先前验证的基因 NF1 和 MED12 以及新的热门基因 NF2、CUL3、TADA2B 和 TADA1。我们观察到针对同一基因的独立向导 RNA 之间具有高度的一致性,并且命中确认率很高,这证明了使用 Cas9 进行基因组规模筛选的前景。
The simplicity of programming the CRISPR-associated nuclease Cas9 to modify specific genomic loci suggests a new way to interrogate gene function on a genome-wide scale. We show that lentiviral delivery of a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 knockout (GeCKO) library targeting 18,080 genes with 64,751 unique guide sequences enables both negative and positive selection screening in human cells. First, we used the GeCKO library to identify genes essential for cell viability in cancer and pluripotent stem cells. Next, in a melanoma model, we screened for genes whose loss is involved in resistance to vemurafenib, a therapeutic that inhibits mutant protein kinase BRAF. Our highest-ranking candidates include previously validated genes NF1 and MED12 as well as novel hits NF2, CUL3, TADA2B, and TADA1. We observe a high level of consistency between independent guide RNAs targeting the same gene and a high rate of hit confirmation, demonstrating the promise of genome-scale screening with Cas9.
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