Diversification of the calponin family proteins by gene amplification and repeat expansion of calponin-like motifs.

Diversification of the calponin family proteins by gene amplification and repeat expansion of calponin-like motifs.
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DOI:
10.1002/cm.21683
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发表时间:
2021-05
期刊:
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Ono S
Ono S
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其他
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作者:
Ono S

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脊椎动物中的钙调蛋白家族蛋白,包括钙调蛋白和转凝胶蛋白(也称为SM 22或NP 25),调节肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白相互作用和肌动蛋白丝稳定性,并参与肌肉收缩性和细胞迁移的调节。相关蛋白质也存在于无脊椎动物和真菌中。动物体内有多个基因编码的钙调蛋白家族蛋白具有不同的分子特征,这些蛋白通常在相同的组织或细胞中表达。然而,这类蛋白质的功能研究仅在有限的物种中报道。通过数据库搜索,我发现,在动物中的钙调蛋白家族蛋白的多样化的基因扩增和重复扩增的钙调蛋白样(CLIK)的图案,其功能作为肌动蛋白结合序列。具有单一CLIK基序的转凝胶蛋白样蛋白是最原始的类型,存在于真菌和动物中。在许多动物中,存在含有多个CLIK基序的其他钙调蛋白家族蛋白,如具有三个CLIK基序的脊椎动物钙调蛋白所代表的。有趣的是,在几种无脊椎动物中,有未表征的钙调蛋白相关蛋白具有高度扩展的CLIK基序重复序列(软体动物中多达23个重复序列)。钙调蛋白家族蛋白质的这些可变分子特征可能是对广泛的细胞生物学事件的进化适应的结果。
The calponin family proteins in vertebrates, including calponin and transgelin (also known as SM22 or NP25), regulate actin-myosin interaction and actin filament stability and are involved in regulation of muscle contractility and cell migration. Related proteins are also present in invertebrates and fungi. Animals have multiple genes encoding calponin family proteins with variable molecular features, which are often expressed in the same tissues or cells. However, functional studies of this class of proteins have been reported only in limited species. Through database searches, I found that the calponin family proteins were diversified in animals by gene amplification and repeat expansion of calponin-like (CLIK) motifs, which function as actin-binding sequences. Transgelin-like proteins with a single CLIK motif are the most primitive type and present in fungi and animals. In many animals, additional calponin family proteins containing multiple CLIK motifs, as represented by vertebrate calponins with three CLIK motifs, are present. Interestingly, in several invertebrate species, there are uncharacterized calponin-related proteins with highly expanded repeats of CLIK motifs (up to 23 repeats in molluscs). These variable molecular features of the calponin family proteins may be results of evolutionary adaptation to a broad range of cell biological events.
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