Second-language experience modulates first- and second-language word frequency effects: Evidence from eye movement measures of natural paragraph reading
Second-language experience modulates first- and second-language word frequency effects: Evidence from eye movement measures of natural paragraph reading
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第二语言经验调节第一语言和第二语言的词频效应：来自自然段落阅读的眼动测量的证据
DOI：
10.3758/s13423-011-0179-5
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
D. Titone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Veronica Whitford;D. Titone
我们使用第一语言（L1）和第二语言（L2）段落阅读的眼动测量来研究当前的L2暴露程度是否调节L1和L2频率效应（FEs）的相对大小。结果表明，在反映初始词汇通路和后词汇通路的早期和晚期眼动测试中，双语者的L2 FEs均大于L1 FEs。此外，L2 FEs的大小与当前L2暴露呈负相关，即较低的L2暴露水平导致较大的L2 FEs。相比之下，在早期阅读测试中，高水平接触第二语言的双语者比低水平接触第二语言的双语者表现出更大的第一语言FEs，这表明增加的第二语言经验改变了第一语言词汇获取的早期阶段。综上所述，这些发现与内隐学习理论（如Monsell， 1991）、弱链接假说（Gollan, Montoya, Cera, Sandoval, Journal of Memory and Language, 58:787 - 814,2008）以及当前的双语视觉词识别模型（如双语互动激活模型+ [BIA+]； Dijkstra & van Heuven，双语：语言与认知，5:175 - 197,2002）是一致的。因此，当前L2的暴露量是FEs的关键决定因素，因此，在L1和L2中，词汇激活都是如此。
We used eye movement measures of first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) paragraph reading to investigate whether the degree of current L2 exposure modulates the relative size of L1 and L2 frequency effects (FEs). The results showed that bilinguals displayed larger L2 than L1 FEs during both early- and late-stage eye movement measures, which are taken to reflect initial lexical access and postlexical access, respectively. Moreover, the magnitude of L2 FEs was inversely related to current L2 exposure, such that lower levels of L2 exposure led to larger L2 FEs. In contrast, during early-stage reading measures, bilinguals with higher levels of current L2 exposure showed larger L1 FEs than did bilinguals with lower levels of L2 exposure, suggesting that increased L2 experience modifies the earliest stages of L1 lexical access. Taken together, the findings are consistent with implicit learning accounts (e.g., Monsell, 1991), the weaker links hypothesis (Gollan, Montoya, Cera, Sandoval, Journal of Memory and Language, 58:787–814, 2008), and current bilingual visual word recognition models (e.g., the bilingual interactive activation model plus [BIA+]; Dijkstra & van Heuven, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 5:175–197, 2002). Thus, amount of current L2 exposure is a key determinant of FEs and, thus, lexical activation, in both the L1 and L2.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Gollan, Tamar H.;Slattery, Timothy J.;Goldenberg, Diane;Van Assche, Eva;Duyck, Wouter;Rayner, Keith
通讯作者：
Rayner, Keith