Assessing the role of groundwater recharge from tanks in crystalline bedrock aquifers in Karnataka, India, using hydrochemical tracers

Assessing the role of groundwater recharge from tanks in crystalline bedrock aquifers in Karnataka, India, using hydrochemical tracers
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使用水化学示踪剂评估印度卡纳塔克邦结晶基岩含水层水箱​​地下水补给的作用

DOI:
10.1016/j.hydroa.2022.100121
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Brauns B
Brauns B
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印度大部分农村饮用水供应来自地下水,地下水在灌溉农业中也发挥着关键作用,支持数百万用户的生计。然而,最近的高抽取量正在威胁地下水的可持续利用,需要采取行动确保持续供应。利用超过200,000个现有水箱(人工创造的地表水体)增加管理含水层补给(MAR)是印度政府应对地下水位下降的关键举措之一。然而,很少有研究直接研究坦克补给的有效性,特别是在复杂的断裂水文地质的印度半岛。为了解决这一差距,本研究探讨了坦克在三个结晶基岩集水区在印度南部的卡纳塔克邦,通过分析地表沃茨和地下沃茨的同位素和水化学成分的影响,结合地下水位观测。结果表明,坦克对区域地下水补给和质量的影响有限,在农村地区,从降水和灌溉地下水循环补给占主导地位的补给信号。在城市环境中(Bengdalu),不透水的表面增加了从点源,如坦克和河流的相对效果,但目前,管道泄漏公共供水占大多数的补给。城市内部的地下水位较低,可能导致地下水排入水箱,特别是在旱季。我们的结论是,蓄水池蓄水的重要性是有限的,相比其他补给源,高度依赖于具体的设置。建议进行更多的研究,以量化水箱补给量,并使用不太普遍的方法修订目前的国家地下水补给估计准则,以避免高估水箱在地下水补给中的作用。
The majority of India’s rural drinking water supply is sourced from groundwater, which also plays a critical role in irrigated agriculture, supporting the livelihoods of millions of users. However, recent high abstractions are threatening the sustainable use of groundwater, and action is needed to ensure continued supply. Increased managed aquifer recharge (MAR) using the > 200,000 existing tanks (artificially created surface water bodies) is one of the Indian government’s key initiatives to combat declining groundwater levels. However, few studies have directly examined the effectiveness of tank recharge, particularly in the complex fractured hydrogeology of Peninsular India. To address this gap, this study examined the impact of tanks in three crystalline bedrock catchments in Karnataka, southern India, by analysing the isotopic and hydrochemical composition of surface waters and groundwaters, combined with groundwater level observations. The results indicate that tanks have limited impact on regional groundwater recharge and quality in rural areas, where recharge from precipitation and groundwater recycling from irrigation dominate the recharge signal. In the urban setting (Bengaluru), impermeable surfaces increased the relative effect of recharge from point sources such as tanks and rivers, but where present, pipe leakage from public-water-supply accounted for the majority of recharge. Shallow groundwater levels in the inner parts of the city may lead to groundwater discharge to tanks, particularly in the dry season. We conclude that the importance of aquifer recharge from tanks is limited compared to other recharge sources and highly dependent on the specific setting. Additional studies to quantify tank recharge and revisions to the current guidelines for national groundwater recharge estimations, using a less generalised approach, are recommended to avoid over-estimating the role tanks play in groundwater recharge.
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