Physical Performance Effects of Low-Intensity Exercise among Clinically Defined High-Risk Elders
Physical Performance Effects of Low-Intensity Exercise among Clinically Defined High-Risk Elders
复制标题
低强度运动对临床定义的高危老年人身体表现的影响
作者：
C. Devito;R. Morgan;M. Duque;E. Abdel;B. Virnig
背景：福尔斯是造成伤害和死亡的主要原因之一。一些研究的结果表明，以社区为基础的锻炼计划可能对改善下半身力量有效，尽管有些人只显示出有限的改善。然而，这些程序对步态和平衡的影响是模棱两可的。此外，专门针对去适应性老年人而不是来自一般社区的人的研究显示，步态和平衡的改善有限或没有改善。目的：本研究探讨了以社区为基础的短期低强度运动干预策略对临床目标人群中福尔斯高风险老年人的运动技能、步态和平衡以及肌肉力量的有效性。研究方法：245名60岁或以上的男性和女性被随机分为干预组或对照组，并接受基线（T1）评估。干预组的受试者在8至10周的时间内接受了多达24次（45分钟长）的低强度标准运动模式。在计划结束时，干预组的参与者被指示继续在家中进行练习，直到T1后1年。在研究入组的三个不同时间点收集所有受试者的身体功能和表现指标。结果如下：在基线评估的受试者中，138例（56%）还进行了干预后评估（T2），128例（52%）进行了6个月随访评估（T3），105例受试者在所有时间点进行了评估。主要分析基于在所有时间点进行评估的105例受试者。干预组和对照组受试者在基线时的任何身体功能或表现指标均无差异。在T1和T2之间，干预受试者在所有结局上的改善均显著大于对照受试者，在T2和T3之间，大多数指标的改善趋于稳定。两组受试者的步态和平衡评分在整个研究期间持续改善。结论：这种易于实施的低强度运动计划可能会改善身体功能，并长期保持，有效地针对临床定义的高风险跌倒和严重受伤的老年人人群。
Background: Falls are among the leading causes of injuries and deaths. Results from a number of studies have suggested that a community-based exercise program may be effective in improving lower body strength, although some have shown only limited improvements. However, the impact of these programs on gait and balance are equivocal. Further, studies that have specifically targeted deconditioned elderly individuals, rather than individuals drawn from the general community, either showed limited or no improvements in gait and balance. Objective: This study examined the effectiveness of a community-based, short-term, low-intensity exercise intervention strategy on measures of mobility skills, gait and balance, and muscle strength for a clinically targeted group of elderly individuals at high risk of falls. Methods: 245 men and women aged 60 years or older were randomized into either an intervention or control group and received a baseline (T1) assessment. Subjects in the intervention group received up to 24 sessions (45 min long) of low-intensity standard exercise modalities tailored to the individual patient over an 8- to 10-week period. At the conclusion of the program, the participants in the intervention group were instructed to continue performing the exercises at home until 1 year after T1. Measures of physical function and performance were collected for all subjects at three different points of study enrollment. Results: Of the subjects assessed at baseline, 138 (56%) also had a postintervention assessment (T2), 128 (52%) had a 6-month follow-up assessment (T3), and 105 subjects had assessments at all time points. Primary analyses were based on the 105 subjects who had assessments at all time points. Intervention and control subjects did not differ in any of the physical function or performance measures at baseline. Between T1 and T2, the intervention subjects showed significantly greater improvement than the control subjects on all outcomes, with improvements plateauing for most measures between T2 and T3. Gait and balance scores continued to improve throughout the study period for both groups of subjects. Conclusions: This easily implemented, low-intensity exercise program may lead to improvements in physical functioning that are retained over the long term and effectively targets a clinically defined population of deconditioned elders at high risk of falling and sustaining serious injury.
DOI：
10.1093/gerona/52a.4.m218
发表时间：
1997-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Buchner, DM;Cress, ME;Wagner, EH
通讯作者：
Wagner, EH
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
FIATARONE, MA;ONEILL, EF;EVANS, WJ
通讯作者：
EVANS, WJ