Machine Learning for Integrating Data in Biology and Medicine: Principles, Practice, and Opportunities.

Machine Learning for Integrating Data in Biology and Medicine: Principles, Practice, and Opportunities.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.inffus.2018.09.012
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发表时间:
2019-10
期刊:
An international journal on information fusion
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hoffman MM
Hoffman MM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zitnik M;Nguyen F;Wang B;Leskovec J;Goldenberg A;Hoffman MM

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新技术使生物学和人类健康的调查在一个前所未有的规模和多方面。这些维度包括描述基因组、表观基因组、转录组、微生物组、表型和生活方式的无数特性。然而,没有任何一种数据类型可以捕捉到与理解疾病等现象相关的所有因素的复杂性。因此,联合收割机结合多种技术数据的综合方法已成为关键的统计和计算方法。制定这种方法的主要挑战是确定有效的模式,以提供全面和相关的系统观点。一个理想的方法可以回答生物或医学问题,识别重要特征和预测结果,通过利用跨生物变异的多个维度的异质数据。在这篇综述中,我们描述了数据集成的原理,并讨论了当前的方法和可用的实现。我们提供了在生物学和医学中成功的数据集成的例子。最后,我们讨论了生物医学综合方法目前面临的挑战和我们对该领域未来发展的看法。
New technologies have enabled the investigation of biology and human health at an unprecedented scale and in multiple dimensions. These dimensions include myriad properties describing genome, epigenome, transcriptome, microbiome, phenotype, and lifestyle. No single data type, however, can capture the complexity of all the factors relevant to understanding a phenomenon such as a disease. Integrative methods that combine data from multiple technologies have thus emerged as critical statistical and computational approaches. The key challenge in developing such approaches is the identification of effective models to provide a comprehensive and relevant systems view. An ideal method can answer a biological or medical question, identifying important features and predicting outcomes, by harnessing heterogeneous data across several dimensions of biological variation. In this Review, we describe the principles of data integration and discuss current methods and available implementations. We provide examples of successful data integration in biology and medicine. Finally, we discuss current challenges in biomedical integrative methods and our perspective on the future development of the field.
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