Enantioselective construction of quaternary N-heterocycles by palladium-catalysed decarboxylative allylic alkylation of lactams.

Enantioselective construction of quaternary N-heterocycles by palladium-catalysed decarboxylative allylic alkylation of lactams.
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DOI:
10.1038/nchem.1222
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发表时间:
2011-12-18
期刊:
影响因子:
21.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
化学1区
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含氮杂环(n-杂环)的对映选择性合成代表了大量的化学研究成果,并在许多学科中引起共鸣,包括天然产物的全合成和药物化学。在这篇文章中,我们描述了钯催化的高度对映选择性的易得内酰胺脱羧烯丙基烷基化反应,形成3,3,-二取代吡咯烷酮、哌啶酮、己内酰胺和结构相关的内酰胺。鉴于在生物活性生物碱和药物制剂中普遍存在的季氮杂环,我们设想我们的方法将为这些结构的不对称合成提供一个新的合成入口。作为这些研究的入口,我们展示了所描述的催化是如何提供对映纯季内酰胺的,它拦截了以前用于合成蜘蛛属生物碱的合成中间体,但以前只能通过手性辅助方法或外消旋混合物获得。
The enantioselective synthesis of Nitrogen-containing heterocycles (N-heterocycles) represents a substantial chemical research effort and resonates across numerous disciplines including the total synthesis of natural products and medicinal chemistry. In this manuscript, we describe the highly enantioselective palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative allylic alkylation of readily available lactams to form 3,3,-disubstituted pyrrolidinones, piperidinones, caprolactams, and structurally related lactams. Given the prevalence of quaternary N-heterocycles in biologically active alkaloids and pharmaceutical agents, we envision that our method will provide a synthetic entry into the de novo asymmetric synthesis of such structures. As an entry for these investigations we demonstrate how the described catalysis affords enantiopure quaternary lactams that intercept synthetic intermediates previously employed in the synthesis of the Aspidosperma alkaloids quebrachamine and rhazinilam, but that were previously only available by chiral auxiliary approaches or as racemic mixtures.
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