Dynamics of ice melting by an immiscible liquid layer heated from above
Dynamics of ice melting by an immiscible liquid layer heated from above
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从上方加热的不混溶液体层融化冰的动力学
DOI：
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2022.110641
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Rangwala, Ali S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farmahini Farahani, Hamed;Hayashi, Tatsunori;Sakaue, Hirotaka;Rangwala, Ali S.
进行了一系列实验来研究暴露于上方辐射的与水不混溶的液体层（正十二烷）附近的冰的融化情况。实验装置由一个硼硅酸盐容器组成，容器内有冰壁和一层从上方加热的正十二烷。除了跟踪熔体前沿的运动之外，还对液相进行了粒子图像测速 (PIV) 和背景定向纹影 (BOS) 测量。发现两种不同的熔化状态主导着熔化过程。首先是与不混溶液体层接触区域的均匀熔化，以实现低辐射水平（∼1kW/m2）。第二种是横向侵入状态，其中液体自由表面附近的凹陷在冰中形成，并横向生长，辐射水平大于~1kW/m2。在均匀融化状态下，冰面保持平坦和光滑，而在横向侵入状态下，形成了一系列小溪，在冰上刻出山谷。 PIV 测量显示，对于由表面张力引起的所有热通量水平，表面流向冰。热通量水平的增加导致流场中向多辊结构的转变。这种多辊结构伴随着冰附近的再循环区，增加了液体表面附近的传热，导致横向侵入状态。 BOS 测量表明，正十二烷自由表面下方和冰附近区域存在由局部小规模温度梯度引起的密度梯度。目前的实验是为了探索融化动力学并揭示影响冰融化的过程。需要通过使用更多液体和提高诊断技术的准确性来进一步探索这种机制在现实场景中的影响，即冰覆盖水域中的石油泄漏。
A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the melting of ice adjacent to a water-immiscible liquid layer (n-dodecane) exposed to radiation from above. The experimental setup consisted of a borosilicate container containing an ice wall and a layer of n-dodecane heated from above. In addition to tracking the movement of the melt front, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) measurements were conducted on the liquid-phase.Two distinct melting regimes were found to dominate the melting process. First was the uniform melting across the contact area with the immiscible liquid layer for low radiation levels (∼1kW/m2). Second was the lateral intrusion regime, where a depression near free surface of the liquid forms in ice and grows laterally for radiation level greater than ∼ 1kW/m2. The ice surface remained flat and smooth in uniform melting regime, whereas in the lateral intrusion regime a series of rivulets were formed that carved valleys on the ice. PIV measurements showed a surface flow toward the ice for all heat flux levels caused by surface-tension forces. Increase of the heat flux levels caused a transition to multi-roll structure in the flow field. This multi-roll structure, which is accompanied by a recirculation zone near the ice, increased heat transfer near the surface of the liquid causing lateral intrusion regime. BOS measurements indicated presence of density gradients below the free surface of n-dodecane and in regions near the ice that are caused by local small-scale temperature gradients. The current experiments were conducted to explore the melting dynamics and to shed light on the processes that influence the ice melting. Implications of such mechanisms in a real-life scenario, i.e. oil spill in ice-infested waters, needs to be explored further by using more liquids and improved accuracy of the diagnostic techniques.
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