Estimating the recharge properties of the deep ocean using noble gases and helium isotopes

Estimating the recharge properties of the deep ocean using noble gases and helium isotopes
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使用稀有气体和氦同位素估算深海的补给特性

DOI:
10.1002/2016jc011809
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发表时间:
2016
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影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Loose B
Loose B
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作者:
Loose B

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南极洲稠密陆架水域稀有气体和氦同位素的分布反映了海洋表面附近的边界条件:海气交换、海冰形成和地下冰融化。我们使用非线性最小二乘解来确定补给温度和盐度的值,以及整个水柱和南极底水前体中的过量空气注入和冰川融水含量。威德尔环流中稀有气体补给温度和盐度在 5500 m 附近为 -1.95°C 和 34.95 psu;这些寒冷、含盐的补给值是南极冰间湖海冰形成过程中表面冷却以及盐水排斥的结果。相比之下,全球深水补给温度在5500 m处为-0.44°C,比南半球深水补给温度高1.5°C,反映出北大西洋的明显贡献。北半球和南半球补给特性之间的对比凸显了海冰形成对南半球深水中气体特性的影响。在 1000 m 以下,冰川融水的体积平均为 3.5‰,占水柱中过量氖气和氩气的 50% 以上。这些结果表明冰川融化对南极底层水的大气气体含量具有不可忽视的影响。
The distribution of noble gases and helium isotopes in the dense shelf waters of Antarctica reflects the boundary conditions near the ocean surface: air‐sea exchange, sea ice formation, and subsurface ice melt. We use a nonlinear least squares solution to determine the value of the recharge temperature and salinity, as well as the excess air injection and glacial meltwater content throughout the water column and in the precursor to Antarctic Bottom Water. The noble gas‐derived recharge temperature and salinity in the Weddell Gyre are −1.95°C and 34.95 psu near 5500 m; these cold, salty recharge values are a result of surface cooling as well as brine rejection during sea ice formation in Antarctic polynyas. In comparison, the global value for deep water recharge temperature is −0.44°C at 5500 m, which is 1.5°C warmer than the southern hemisphere deep water recharge temperature, reflecting a distinct contribution from the north Atlantic. The contrast between northern and southern hemisphere recharge properties highlights the impact of sea ice formation on setting the gas properties in southern sourced deep water. Below 1000 m, glacial meltwater averages 3.5‰ by volume and represents greater than 50% of the excess neon and argon found in the water column. These results indicate glacial melt has a nonnegligible impact on the atmospheric gas content of Antarctic Bottom Water.
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