Chromosome segregation by the Escherichia coli Min system.

Chromosome segregation by the Escherichia coli Min system.
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DOI:
10.1038/msb.2013.44
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
9.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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原核生物染色体分离的机制仍然是一个争论的主题,还没有统一的观点出现。考虑到复制染色体的初始解缠结可以通过纯粹的熵力来实现,甚至对原核生物主动分离机制的要求也受到了质疑。使用计算机模拟,我们表明,熵力本身是不足以实现和维持完全分离的染色体。然而,假设染色体沿着一个朝向两极的膜相关束缚位点的梯度重复结合,这是可能的。我们建议,在大肠杆菌中,这样的梯度的膜拴系网站可以提供的振荡Min系统,否则已知其作用,在选择细胞分裂的网站。与这一假设相一致,我们证明了MinD与DNA结合,并以ATP依赖的方式将其束缚在膜上。两者合计,我们结合的理论和实验结果表明,存在一种新的机制,染色体分离的基础上的最小系统,进一步突出了在原核细胞生物学中的染色体主动分离的重要性。
The mechanisms underlying chromosome segregation in prokaryotes remain a subject of debate and no unifying view has yet emerged. Given that the initial disentanglement of duplicated chromosomes could be achieved by purely entropic forces, even the requirement of an active prokaryotic segregation machinery has been questioned. Using computer simulations, we show that entropic forces alone are not sufficient to achieve and maintain full separation of chromosomes. This is, however, possible by assuming repeated binding of chromosomes along a gradient of membrane-associated tethering sites toward the poles. We propose that, in Escherichia coli, such a gradient of membrane tethering sites may be provided by the oscillatory Min system, otherwise known for its role in selecting the cell division site. Consistent with this hypothesis, we demonstrate that MinD binds to DNA and tethers it to the membrane in an ATP-dependent manner. Taken together, our combined theoretical and experimental results suggest the existence of a novel mechanism of chromosome segregation based on the Min system, further highlighting the importance of active segregation of chromosomes in prokaryotic cell biology.
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