Environmental symbiont acquisition may not be the solution to warming seas for reef-building corals.
Environmental symbiont acquisition may not be the solution to warming seas for reef-building corals.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0013258
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发表时间：
2010-10-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Holmberg JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coffroth MA;Poland DM;Petrou EL;Brazeau DA;Holmberg JC
全世界的珊瑚礁正在减少。大部分死亡可归因于与全球变暖相关的珊瑚白化（珊瑚细胞内光合藻类共生体的丧失）。珊瑚如何应对不断上升的海洋温度一直是广泛研究和争论的领域。白化事件后的恢复取决于共生体的恢复，但共生体重新繁殖的来源却知之甚少。可能性包括从内源性共生体的增殖中恢复或通过吸收外源性耐应激共生体来恢复。为了测试其中一种可能性，珊瑚获得外源共生体的能力，将漂白的滨珊瑚菌落暴露于该珊瑚中通常不存在的共生体类型，并监测共生体的获得。在暴露于外源共生体三周后，在一些恢复的珊瑚中检测到了这些新的共生体，这提供了第一个实验证据，证明石珊瑚能够在白化后暂时从水体中获取共生体。然而，这种获得是短暂的，表明新的共生体是不稳定的。只有那些在漂白之前存在的共生体类型在恢复后保持稳定，这表明恢复来自原位共生体种群。这些发现表明，一些珊瑚没有能力通过获取和维持外源的、更耐压的共生体来适应气候变暖。这对珊瑚礁和周围生态系统的成功产生了严重影响，并表明除非采取行动扭转这一局面，否则气候变化将导致生物多样性减少和珊瑚礁消失。
Coral reefs worldwide are in decline. Much of the mortality can be attributed to coral bleaching (loss of the coral's intracellular photosynthetic algal symbiont) associated with global warming. How corals will respond to increasing oceanic temperatures has been an area of extensive study and debate. Recovery after a bleaching event is dependent on regaining symbionts, but the source of repopulating symbionts is poorly understood. Possibilities include recovery from the proliferation of endogenous symbionts or recovery by uptake of exogenous stress-tolerant symbionts. To test one of these possibilities, the ability of corals to acquire exogenous symbionts, bleached colonies of Porites divaricata were exposed to symbiont types not normally found within this coral and symbiont acquisition was monitored. After three weeks exposure to exogenous symbionts, these novel symbionts were detected in some of the recovering corals, providing the first experimental evidence that scleractinian corals are capable of temporarily acquiring symbionts from the water column after bleaching. However, the acquisition was transient, indicating that the new symbioses were unstable. Only those symbiont types present before bleaching were stable upon recovery, demonstrating that recovery was from the resident in situ symbiont populations. These findings suggest that some corals do not have the ability to adjust to climate warming by acquiring and maintaining exogenous, more stress-tolerant symbionts. This has serious ramifications for the success of coral reefs and surrounding ecosystems and suggests that unless actions are taken to reverse it, climate change will lead to decreases in biodiversity and a loss of coral reefs.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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