National income inequality and declining GDP growth rates are associated with increases in HIV diagnoses among people who inject drugs in Europe: a panel data analysis.
National income inequality and declining GDP growth rates are associated with increases in HIV diagnoses among people who inject drugs in Europe: a panel data analysis.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0122367
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hatzakis A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nikolopoulos GK;Fotiou A;Kanavou E;Richardson C;Detsis M;Pharris A;Suk JE;Semenza JC;Costa-Storti C;Paraskevis D;Sypsa V;Malliori MM;Friedman SR;Hatzakis A
很少有证据表明宏观环境过程与毒品相关的艾滋病毒流行之间存在关联。本研究探讨了经济、社会经济、政策和结构指标之间的关系，以及欧洲经济区 (EEA) 注射吸毒者 (PWID) 报告的艾滋病毒感染增加情况。我们使用了 30 个欧洲经济区国家的面板数据（2003-2012 年）。统计分析包括逻辑回归模型。如果爆发（全国吸毒者中艾滋病毒诊断率显着增加），因变量取值为 1，否则取值为 0。解释变量包括国内生产总值（GDP）增长率、面临贫困风险的人口比例、失业率、欧盟统计局S80/S20比率、基尼系数、政府人均卫生和社会保障支出、毒品管制政策和吸毒人口规模等变量。对一到三年的滞后进行了调查。在多变量分析中，使用两年滞后值，我们发现 GDP 增长 1% 与艾滋病毒爆发几率降低约 30% 相关。在 GDP 调整后的三年滞后值分析中，国民收入不平等对艾滋病毒爆发可能性的影响非常显着 [S80/S20 优势比 (OR) = 3.89； 95% 置信区间 (CI)：1.15 至 13.13]。一般来说，多变量分析在测试的三个时间滞后中产生相似的结果。鉴于生态研究的局限性，我们发现，过去十年中，经济增长放缓和国民收入不平等加剧与欧洲经济区国家吸毒者艾滋病毒诊断数量大幅增加的可能性增加有关。如果在国家和欧洲层面促进收入平等（尤其是弱势群体收入平等）的政策背景下制定艾滋病毒预防措施，可能会更加有效。
There is sparse evidence that demonstrates the association between macro-environmental processes and drug-related HIV epidemics. The present study explores the relationship between economic, socio-economic, policy and structural indicators, and increases in reported HIV infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) in the European Economic Area (EEA). We used panel data (2003–2012) for 30 EEA countries. Statistical analyses included logistic regression models. The dependent variable was taking value 1 if there was an outbreak (significant increase in the national rate of HIV diagnoses in PWID) and 0 otherwise. Explanatory variables included the growth rate of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the share of the population that is at risk for poverty, the unemployment rate, the Eurostat S80/S20 ratio, the Gini coefficient, the per capita government expenditure on health and social protection, and variables on drug control policy and drug-using population sizes. Lags of one to three years were investigated. In multivariable analyses, using two-year lagged values, we found that a 1% increase of GDP was associated with approximately 30% reduction in the odds of an HIV outbreak. In GDP-adjusted analyses with three-year lagged values, the effect of the national income inequality on the likelihood of an HIV outbreak was significant [S80/S20 Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.89; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.15 to 13.13]. Generally, the multivariable analyses produced similar results across three time lags tested. Given the limitations of ecological research, we found that declining economic growth and increasing national income inequality were associated with an elevated probability of a large increase in the number of HIV diagnoses among PWID in EEA countries during the last decade. HIV prevention may be more effective if developed within national and European-level policy contexts that promote income equality, especially among vulnerable groups.
登录
查看更多内容
大都会艾滋病毒的流行历史和计划是否注射与男人发生性关系的人预测异性恋者的发生率和死亡率？
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Friedman, Samuel R.;West, Brooke S.;Tempalski, Barbara;Morton, Cory M.;Cleland, Charles M.;Des Jarlais, Don C.;Hall, H. Irene;Cooper, Hannah L. F.
通讯作者：
Cooper, Hannah L. F.
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60743-x
发表时间：
2010-07-24
期刊：
Lancet (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Strathdee SA;Hallett TB;Bobrova N;Rhodes T;Booth R;Abdool R;Hankins CA
通讯作者：
Hankins CA
影响因子：
105.7
作者：
Rhodes, T;Simic, M
通讯作者：
Simic, M
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Ram, R
通讯作者：
Ram, R
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Paraskevis D;Nikolopoulos G;Fotiou A;Tsiara C;Paraskeva D;Sypsa V;Lazanas M;Gargalianos P;Psichogiou M;Skoutelis A;Wiessing L;Friedman SR;Jarlais DC;Terzidou M;Kremastinou J;Malliori M;Hatzakis A
通讯作者：
Hatzakis A