Is there a serial bottleneck in visual object recognition?
Is there a serial bottleneck in visual object recognition?
复制标题
视觉目标识别是否存在系列瓶颈？
DOI：
10.1167/jov.21.3.15
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Boynton GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Popovkina DV;Palmer J;Moore CM;Boynton GM
分散注意对简单任务（如亮度检测）的影响很小，但对复杂任务（如屏蔽词的语义分类）的影响很大。在这里，我们问的视觉对象的语义分类是否显示出分散注意力的影响，如观察到的单词，或观察到的简单的功能判断小。使用一个双任务范式与命名的对象刺激，性能进行了比较，串行和并行模型的预测。在极端情况下，具有无限容量的并行过程预测没有分散注意力的效果;或者，全或无串行过程做出两个预测：大的分散注意力效应（与单任务试验相比，双任务试验的准确性较低）和双任务试验中的负反应相关（当对另一刺激的反应是正确的时，给定的反应更有可能是不正确的）。这些预测在两个考察物体判断的实验中得到了检验。在这两个实验中，有一个大的分散注意力的效果和一个小的负相关的反应。这些影响的幅度大于简单的功能，但小于文字。这些影响与系列模型一致，并排除了一些但不是所有的平行模型。更广泛地说，这些结果有助于建立感知中可能的串行处理的第一个例子。
Divided attention has little effect for simple tasks, such as luminance detection, but it has large effects for complex tasks, such as semantic categorization of masked words. Here, we asked whether the semantic categorization of visual objects shows divided attention effects as large as those observed for words, or as small as those observed for simple feature judgments. Using a dual-task paradigm with nameable object stimuli, performance was compared with the predictions of serial and parallel models. At the extreme, parallel processes with unlimited capacity predict no effect of divided attention; alternatively, an all-or-none serial process makes two predictions: a large divided attention effect (lower accuracy for dual-task trials, compared to single-task trials) and a negative response correlation in dual-task trials (a given response is more likely to be incorrect when the response about the other stimulus is correct). These predictions were tested in two experiments examining object judgments. In both experiments, there was a large divided attention effect and a small negative correlation in responses. The magnitude of these effects was larger than for simple features, but smaller than for words. These effects were consistent with serial models, and rule out some but not all parallel models. More broadly, the results help establish one of the first examples of likely serial processing in perception.
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BUB, DN;LEWINE, J
通讯作者：
LEWINE, J
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.14.3.456
发表时间：
1988-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
BIEDERMAN, I;BLICKLE, TW;KLATSKY, GJ
通讯作者：
KLATSKY, GJ
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Kourtzi, Z;Kanwisher, N
通讯作者：
Kanwisher, N
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cousineau, D;Shiffrin, RM
通讯作者：
Shiffrin, RM
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Cichy, Radoslaw Martin;Chen, Yi;Haynes, John-Dylan
通讯作者：
Haynes, John-Dylan