Targeting Innate-Like T Cells in Tuberculosis.
Targeting Innate-Like T Cells in Tuberculosis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2016.00594
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Huang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang S
肽特异性常规T细胞已成为设计大多数抗分枝杆菌疫苗的主要靶标。由常规T细胞介导的免疫应答在初次感染后表现出延迟发作，并且在不同人群中高度可变。相比之下，先天样T细胞快速响应病原体并显示效应子功能，而无需进行广泛的克隆扩增。具体而言，先天样T细胞的活化取决于高度保守的抗原呈递分子、非肽抗原和可能的半不变T细胞受体的混杂相互作用。在抗微生物免疫应答中，粘膜相关的不变T细胞被主要组织相容性复合物相关蛋白I呈递的核黄素前体代谢物激活，而脂质特异性T细胞包括自然杀伤T细胞被CD 1蛋白呈递的脂质代谢物激活。多种先天性T细胞亚群已被证明在分枝杆菌感染中具有保护性或应答性。通过快速分泌细胞因子，先天性T细胞在早期防御和记忆反应中发挥作用，在抗结核策略的设计中提供了优于传统T细胞的新优势。
Peptide-specific conventional T cells have been major targets for designing most antimycobacterial vaccines. Immune responses mediated by conventional T cells exhibit a delayed onset upon primary infection and are highly variable in different human populations. In contrast, innate-like T cells quickly respond to pathogens and display effector functions without undergoing extensive clonal expansion. Specifically, the activation of innate-like T cells depends on the promiscuous interaction of highly conserved antigen-presenting molecules, non-peptidic antigens, and likely semi-invariant T cell receptors. In antimicrobial immune responses, mucosal-associated invariant T cells are activated by riboflavin precursor metabolites presented by major histocompatibility complex-related protein I, while lipid-specific T cells including natural killer T cells are activated by lipid metabolites presented by CD1 proteins. Multiple innate-like T cell subsets have been shown to be protective or responsive in mycobacterial infections. Through rapid cytokine secretion, innate-like T cells function in early defense and memory response, offering novel advantages over conventional T cells in the design of anti-tuberculosis strategies.
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