Orchestration of pulmonary T cell immunity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: immunity interruptus.
Orchestration of pulmonary T cell immunity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: immunity interruptus.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.smim.2014.09.003
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发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Jayaraman P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Behar SM;Carpenter SM;Booty MG;Barber DL;Jayaraman P
尽管近一个世纪前引入了牛分枝杆菌卡介苗(BCG)，这是牛分枝杆菌的一种减毒形式，被用作抗结核分枝杆菌的疫苗，但结核病仍然是一个全球健康威胁，每年导致超过150万人死亡。这主要是因为卡介苗未能预防肺病--结核病的一种传染性形式。尽管在了解免疫系统如何对感染作出反应方面取得了重大进展，但定义针对结核分枝杆菌的保护性免疫的性质仍然缺乏特征。预测谁将保持对感染的控制以及谁将死于临床疾病的能力将彻底改变我们对监测、控制和治疗的方法。在这里，我们回顾了目前对结核分枝杆菌感染后肺T细胞反应的了解。虽然感染引发了包含感染的强烈免疫反应，但结核分枝杆菌却躲过了根除。传统上，它的细胞内生活方式和巨噬细胞功能的改变被认为是逃避的主要机制。现在我们意识到慢性炎症会导致T细胞功能障碍。虽然这可能发生在宿主平衡细菌灭菌和避免组织损伤的目标时，但越来越明显的是，T细胞功能障碍损害了宿主的抵抗力。确定导致T细胞功能障碍的机制至关重要，因为记忆T细胞的反应可能受到相同的压力。因此，基于T细胞的疫苗的成功取决于记忆T细胞避免耗尽，同时不会促进明显的组织损伤。
Despite the introduction almost a century ago of Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG), an attenuated form of M. bovis that is used as a vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculosis remains a global health threat and kills more than 1.5 million people each year. This is mostly because BCG fails to prevent pulmonary disease – the contagious form of tuberculosis. Although there have been significant advances in understanding how the immune system responds to infection, the qualities that define protective immunity against M. tuberculosis remain poorly characterized. The ability to predict who will maintain control over the infection and who will succumb to clinical disease would revolutionize our approach to surveillance, control, and treatment. Here we review the current understanding of pulmonary T cell responses following M. tuberculosis infection. While infection elicits a strong immune response that contains infection, M. tuberculosis evades eradication. Traditionally, its intracellular lifestyle and alteration of macrophage function are viewed as the dominant mechanisms of evasion. Now we appreciate that chronic inflammation leads to T cell dysfunction. While this may arise as the host balances the goals of bacterial sterilization and avoidance of tissue damage, it is becoming clear that T cell dysfunction impairs host resistance. Defining the mechanisms that lead to T cell dysfunction is crucial as memory T cell responses are likely to be subject to the same subject to the same pressures. Thus, success of T cell based vaccines is predicated on memory T cells avoiding exhaustion while at the same time not promoting overt tissue damage.
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DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5545
发表时间：
2008-10-15
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beamer GL;Flaherty DK;Assogba BD;Stromberg P;Gonzalez-Juarrero M;de Waal Malefyt R;Vesosky B;Turner J
通讯作者：
Turner J
DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.1103556
发表时间：
2012-05-15
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Arlehamn CS;Sidney J;Henderson R;Greenbaum JA;James EA;Moutaftsi M;Coler R;McKinney DM;Park D;Taplitz R;Kwok WW;Grey H;Peters B;Sette A
通讯作者：
Sette A
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Arstila, TP;Casrouge, A;Kourilsky, P
通讯作者：
Kourilsky, P
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Bold TD;Banaei N;Wolf AJ;Ernst JD
通讯作者：
Ernst JD
影响因子：
--
作者：
Axelsson-Robertson, Rebecca;Ahmed, Raija K.;Maeurer, Markus
通讯作者：
Maeurer, Markus