HLA-G/sHLA-G and HLA-G-Bearing Extracellular Vesicles in Cancers: Potential Role as Biomarkers.
HLA-G/sHLA-G and HLA-G-Bearing Extracellular Vesicles in Cancers: Potential Role as Biomarkers.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2021.791535
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Du L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li P;Wang N;Zhang Y;Wang C;Du L
人类白细胞抗原G（human leukocyte antigen G，HLA-G）是一种非经典的主要组织相容性复合体（major histocompatibility complex，MHC）I类分子，仅在健康状态下表达于母胎界面和免疫保护区，在肿瘤等病理状态下可重新表达。目前普遍认为HLA-G是癌细胞免疫逃逸过程中的关键分子，其在肿瘤环境中广泛表达。这增加了它可能在肿瘤免疫中发挥不利作用的可能性。HLA-G的表达水平与多种肿瘤的临床指标高度相关，其在肿瘤的诊断和预后方面具有潜在的意义。然而，由于HLA-G本身有多达七种不同的亚型，并且对于某些亚型，检测到的抗体很少或不存在，因此很难评估HLA-G在肿瘤中的实际表达。本文综述了HLA-G的结构和三种主要形式，（B）概述了HLA-G在肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸中的作用机制，（c）讨论了HLA-G作为肿瘤标志物的潜在作用，（d）综述了HLA-G的检测和定量方法。
As a non-classic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is expressed in fetal-maternal interface and immunoprivileged site only in healthy condition, and in pathological conditions such as cancer, it can be de novo expressed. It is now widely accepted that HLA-G is a key molecule in the process of immune escape of cancer cells, which is ubiquitously expressed in the tumor environment. This raises the possibility that it may play an adverse role in tumor immunity. The expression level of HLA-G has been demonstrated to be highly correlated with clinical parameters in many tumors, and its potential significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer has been postulated. However, because HLA-G itself has up to seven different subtypes, and for some subtypes, detected antibodies are few or absent, it is hard to evaluate the actual expression of HLA-G in tumors. In the present work, we described (a) the structure and three main forms of HLA-G, (b) summarized the mechanism of HLA-G in the immune escape of tumor cells, (c) discussed the potential role of HLA-G as a tumor marker, and reviewed (d) the methods for detecting and quantifying HLA-G.
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