Anatomy of Emeroleter levis and the Phylogeny of the Nycteroleter Parareptiles
Anatomy of Emeroleter levis and the Phylogeny of the Nycteroleter Parareptiles
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Emeroleter levis 的解剖学和 Nycteroleter 副爬行动物的系统发育
DOI：
10.1080/02724634.2012.626004
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Müller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Müller
夜猫子parareptiles最近已成为越来越多的关注焦点，由于他们最近认识到姐妹群体的关系，以pareiasaurs和发现一个阻抗匹配的耳朵在该集团的成员。俄罗斯中部的科特尔尼奇地区的历史可以追溯到晚二叠世早期，并保存了多种多样的四足动物群，包括pareiasaur Deltavjatia vjatkensis和nycteroleter Emeroleter levis。后者分类群以前只知道从孤立的头盖骨，但最近的挖掘产生了额外的材料，包括保存完好的postcrania，允许完整的重新描述。Emeroleteris的头骨以皮肤雕刻为代表，由均匀分布的小而圆的凹陷和颞上延伸到宽角的后外侧。方轭骨长，其后部向背侧弯曲成尖状突起，这是该分类群的自形特征。后颅侧，Emeroleteris非常纤细，有长的乙状股骨，纤细的肢、腕骨和跗骨。对俄罗斯夜行动物的重新评价结果表明Tokosaurus perforatus与Macroleter poezicus是异名。系统发育分析parareptilian的关系，使用简约和贝叶斯推理产生一个单系的'nycteroleters'简约，而该组被发现是paraphyletic与贝叶斯推理。Bashkyroleter属一贯并系。一个由夜猫子和Pareiasaurs组成的分支，这里称为Pareiasauromorpha，由两种方法支持。
The nycteroleter parareptiles have lately become the focus of increased attention, owing to their recently recognized sister-group relationship to pareiasaurs and the discovery an impedance-matching ear in members of the group. The Kotel’nich locality in central Russia dates to the early part of the Late Permian and preserves a diverse tetrapod fauna that includes the pareiasaurDeltavjatia vjatkensisand the nycteroleterEmeroleter levis. The latter taxon was previously known only from isolated crania, but recent excavations have produced additional material, including well-preserved postcrania, allowing a complete redescription. The skull ofEmeroleteris typified by dermal sculpturing consisting of evenly spaced small, round pits and supratemporals that extend posterolaterally into broad horns. The quadratojugal is long and the posterior portion of the element curves dorsally into a pointed projection, an autapomorphy of the taxon. Postcranially,Emeroleteris very gracile with a long, sigmoid femur, and slender limbs, carpal, and tarsal elements. A reassessment of the Russian nycteroleters results in the synonymy ofTokosaurus perforatuswithMacroleter poezicus. Phylogenetic analysis of parareptilian relationships using both parsimony and Bayesian inference yields a monophyly of ‘nycteroleters’ in parsimony, whereas the group is found to be paraphyletic with Bayesian inference. The genusBashkyroleteris consistently paraphyletic. A clade consisting of the nycteroleters and pareiasaurs, here termed Pareiasauromorpha, is supported by both methods.
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